Another Chronology

Historical Periods Defined By - Technological Advances and Changes in Tools or Weapons.

Large Human Hominids - ie: Giants - remains of large Humans almost 2 million years old labeled Zinjanthropus Boisei from Olduvai Gorge Tanzania

Australo Pithecine - nomadic hunter gatherer tribes migrate from Australia to Africa and Middle East. Nile served as a migration route for early Civilizations to make their way up through Africa into Europe spreading the Human race throughout Asia Africa and Europe.

100000 bc - 30000 bc: Middle Paleolithic Period - between Lower and Middle Paleolithic Periods Abbassia Pluvial ended.

700000: Early Humans In Egypt - oldest tools in lower Nile Valley cliffs of Abu Simbel a Stone Age People living in the area one of the 1st Civilizations in Nile Valley.

54200 bc: Earth Struck By A Huge Rock - being knocked out of The Original Orbit leaving Earth on a tilt with ensuing cataclysms at regular events and times called Procession and Precession of The Equinoxes created when Earth thrown out of The Original Orbit putting Earth in collision course with other Planets in their planetary cycles. An noticed Heaven had moved. Noah noticed The Earth was on a tilt.

54200 bc: Cataclysm Occurred - with a rock striking Earth in time of the Warring God. Leaving The Earth in present configuration on a tilt ever since. near 5000 years later another cataclysm occurs

Hebrew God Of War - resided near center of The Earth a place called Mamre or Manly originating place of Man. Palace grounds called The Manly Warring God Area from Manly to Mount Yengo.

Land Passage Between Africa India and Asia - in early times limited to narrow strips of land. Existence Of Land Bridges sea lanes passable in summer or winter dry or wet seasons.

Large Scale Desert Travel - limited to special routes in Syria Iran and North Africa both east and west of Nile Valley also India and The Land Of Arya.

At This Time Australia Is Still Attached To Africa and India - by what was known as The Horn of Moab with Australia being the Biblical and Historical Land of Moab also called The Land..

500000 bc: Lower Paleolithic Period - Stone Tools stone axes Lower Paleolithic Period.

50000 bc: to 30000 bc Middle Paleolithic Period - widespread distribution Of Early Human Cultures - Middle Paleolithic sites at Egypt to Sudan from Nile Valley to coast of Red Sea to Liqiya depression southern Libyan Desert. Mousterian Pluvial caused Sahara to bloom vegetation and wildlife new settlements Early Humans spread to every habitable area of North Africa.

30000 bc: Middle Paleolithic Period Ends - the Sahara turned into a desert.

30000 bc: Achulean Period - Wadi Halfa - earliest known house like structures in Egypt Sudan and surrounding areas this period had more rainfall. Abbassia Pluvial prevailed during late Achulean Period lasting around 30000 years.

30,000 bc - 10,000 bc Upper Paleolithic Period - Nile desert regions beginning Upper Paleolithic centuries before Mousterian Pluvial ended desert claimed Sahara region many Peoples fleeing desert migrated closer to Nile.

25000 - 9000 bc: Industry in Achulean Period - of Lower and Middle Paleolithic Period sites found near dried up springs or lakes or areas where materials to make stone tools are plentiful.

24000 bc: Halfan Industry - the Halfan People - one site found dating before 24000 bc diet of large herd animals and Khormusan tradition of fishing. Discovered a way of making better tools flourished between 18000 and 15000 bc

17000 - 15000 bc: Fakhurian Industry - based on microlithic tools. Fakhurian blades less than 3 cm long at same time two Idfuan industries with cultures based on nomadic hunting trapping fishing.

13000 bc: Silsillians - early Egyptian prehistoric technological development. Sisillian was a blade industry included truncated blades of unusual shapes made specifically for one task a wide variety of bladelets for mounting onto spears darts and arrows. Silsillian blades in some cases are thousands of years ahead of anything found in Europe from this period. Silsillian Industry premiered creation of microliths. Microliths are small fine blades used in tools arrows harpoons sickles are smaller use less material.

13000 - 9000 bc: Qadan - from Second Cataract of the Nile to Tushka 250 km upriver from Aswan cemeteries and evidence of ritual burial. Ordered agriculture.

11500 bc: Egyptian Pyramids At Giza - designed and built to specifications before 11500 bc by Shedherds from out of the desert with exceptional negotiating skills. Egyptian contractors doing labor. Egyptian Pyramids designed and built before Ice Age for Earth Grid Pyramid power system.

1st Dynasty Of RA - who had risen to leading position formed between RA and other gods. Aspects of other gods influenced RA.

Falcon Headed Appearance - originated with flight wars against Horus. Influence of RA spread from On to Heliopolis. Many serpents symbolized Divinity and Royalty.

From 1st Dynasty Kings Or Pharoahs - held title Pharoah. RA became part of The Throne name adopted at accession. Father of Ma'at.

RA Was The Ultimate Source - Of Right and Justice In The Cosmos.

Apopis - also called Apep Apepi or Rerek - Ancient Egyptian demon of chaos who had form of a serpent as being the enemy of the Sun God RA. Apopis represented all that was outside the ordered cosmos. Apopis threatened the World and symbolized evil.

Each Night Apopis Encountered RA - at a particular hour in the Sun God's ritual journey through the underworld in his divine bark.

Seth Rode As Guardian - in front of RA's bark attacked Apopis with a spear and slew him. Next night Apopis who could not be finally killed was there again to attack RA.

Genesis 5:3: Adam lived a hundred and thirty years and begat a son in his own likeness after his image called his name Seth. All the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years and he died.

Egyptians Believed They Could Help Maintain Order Of The World - and assist RA by performing rituals against Apopis.

Childhood of Horus In Delta Marshes - stories with themes to Osiris with different named protagonists.

Rule Of The Sun God RA Usurped By Osirus - The Death Of RA - motivated by his illness of being poisoned slowly by Osirus and Wife until dying at old age his death bringing lack of tranquility to The World followed by RA's withdrawal into the sky leaving the People on Earth.

11000 bc: End Of Ice Age - A gradual amelioration of climate leading to replacement of tundra by forest and of reindeer hunting of red deer and elk.

Dawn Of Recorded Earth History - The Earth inhabited by many Native Peoples.

10500 bc: Egypt In Decline - invasion by groups of Peoples

Severe Violent Floods - Period Marked By A Series of Natural Disasters - that devastated areas destroyed farmlands. Demise of various Paleolithic Peoples in Egypt ending many Cultures that died by violence or cataclysms. A return to hunter gatherer fisher Culture that came before.

9th mill bc: Simple Agriculture - 8th or 9th millennium bc in Palestine more excavating been done in early sites than in any other country of Middle East.

9000 bc: Bone Sickle Handles - flint sickle edges dating from between 9000 to 7000 bc found in Palestinian sites.

Mesopotamia and Iran - this period in caves on lower slopes of Zagros Mountains between western Iran and Iraq.

Irrigation On A Large Scale - in Mesopotamia most of early sites of irrigation culture covered long ago by accumulation of alluvial soil brought down by the spring floods of Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

Irrigation Originated - in foothills of the Zagros the earliest farmers lived in the plains of Iran.

8th mill bc: Breton - lakeside settlement Star Carr Humberside occupied 20 successive winters by hunting People.

Celt - New Stone Age Stone Tool - polished stone ax or adz head designed for attachment to a wooden shaft mainly used for felling trees or grass crops numbers of celts discovered at sites in Breton Isles through Europe to Denmark obviously traded widely.

Bronze Age Tools - similar general design are called celts scythes by Scythians sickle Hebrew.

7th mill bc: Small Scale Irrigation - in Palestine at Jericho in the 7th millennium bc.

Northern and Eastern Mesopotamia - main streams were soon partly diverted during moderate river floods into canals running more or less parallel to the rivers that could thus be used to irrigate an extensive area.

Deflector Dam Irrigation - avoided self destructive weaknesses of large storage dams the danger of depositing great masses of refractory mud in the storage basin behind the dam.

7690 bc: Adam - born 6690 bc Date for Adam and Eve.

7440 bc: Arkinians - artifacts one site small settlement. Arkinians a microlithic industry making small skillfully crafted stone tools large blades new method of extracting more material from stone by double platform core.

7000 bc: Invasion By More Advanced Powerful Groups - Jebel Sahaba and similar sites. Earth Peoples were in competition with larger more advanced Epi Paleolithic Cultures.

6730 bc: Jared - Born 4730 bc

6568 bc: Enoch - born 4568 bc.

6460 bc: Seth - born 6460 bc

6255 bc: Enos - born 6255 bc

6155 bc: Cainaan - born 5065 bc died 4155 bc age: 910 yrs.

Some Called Aryans - from The Land of Arya or Australia.

6th mill bc: Irrigation Upper Tigris - and Euphrates tributaries early 6th millennium bc al Kawm Upper Euphrates.

6000 bc: North Assyria - earliest settlers built small villages. Prehistoric Cultural Stages - of Hassuna Samarra' and Halaf of settlement in south area later called Sumer.

Akkadian - Kena'ani or Kinahna or Canaanites descendants of Cain from The Land in Australia. Hebrew Aryan Akkadian Gentile Australian connection..

Akkadians Were Semites - Genesis 10:10 (Accad) through time non Semite Tribes joined and intermingled with the inhabitants of the Akkadian Tribes. Akkadians were a strong Military People

6000 bc: Cataclysm - Cutting Of Land Bridge - 6000-5000 bc to Breton Isles effects on migration became difficult for a long time impossible to large numbers. Breton developed insular characteristics absorbing adapting rather than fully participating in successive Continental cultures. Fertile southeast more receptive to influence from Europeans excepting less accessible hill areas of west and north. Use of sea routes to Europe established.

5th mill bc: Ninevah - In the north and east considerable urban installations developed at sites such as Nineveh no later than 5th millennium bc when southern Mesopotamia was still mostly swampland like the early Egyptian delta.

Euphrates Had A Much Smaller Flow Of Water - than nearby Tigris much swifter potentially more important for irrigation though much harder to tame.

Egyptian Nile - had a much more predictable water flow than Mesopotamian rivers because it flowed through hundreds of miles of swamp where unusually high annual floods spread out interfering with navigation averting danger of occasional destructive inundations of Mesopotamia.

6895 bc: Mahalaleel - Born 4895 bc

6403 bc: Methusalah - born 4403 bc

5760 bc: Adam Died - born 5690 bc died 4760 bc age: 930 yrs sons - Abel and Cain.

5500 bc: Interim Period in Egypt - between hunter gatherers before appearance of farming and village dwelling.

5500 bc: Agriculture Animal Domestication Introduced By Another People - Population explosion due to development of agriculture and animal domestication in a short time People had gone from savanna nomads to river dwellers adaptating to the environment. Agriculture and animal domestication discovered or introduced by another Peoples that migrated to Egypt. About 1000 years between riverine settlements of late Epipaleolithic to returning to farming villages of Pre Dynastic Egyptian cultures.

5548 bc: Seth Died - born 5460 bc - died 4548 bc - age: 912 yrs.

Development of Writing System In Egypt - advances in Egyptian knowledge development of Writing System that evolved into hieroglyphics.

5000 bc: Earliest Settlements Eridu - founded in late Halaf period. Cultures of North

Southern Egyptian Cultures - of Badarian were completely agrarian farmers

Northern Egyptian Culture - Faiyum were oasis dwellers hunting fishing for majority of diet.

5000 bc: Severe Climatic Changes - much land unfit for farming and grazing for settled farmers and nomadic shepherds.

4th mill bc: Mesopotamia and Egypt - oldest known urban and literate Cultures in the World developed by the Akkadians in Mesopotamia beginning in late 4th millennium bc.

4th mill bc: 1st Dynasty Of Egypt - Many Peoples United Under 1st Dynasty. Numerous Small States Had Arisen In Nile Valley - United under 1st Dynasty Of Egypt. First Time A State Consisting Of More Than A City - with surrounding territory rulers extended territory to Girsu capital Cities of Lagash and Nina Zurghul also many smaller localities a seaport Guabba. Conquered regions integrated administratively or paid tribute.

4th-3rd mill bc: Akkadian Early Democracy - view of God as being a Human - in shape as well Organized a form of a Democratic Society with special offices functions overlaid conditioned religious forms characteristics of the earlier stage.

4500 bc: Sumer 1st Settled - 4500 to 4000 bc by non Semitic Peoples. Proto Euphrateans or Ubaidians with a village at Al Ubaid. Euphrateans or Ubaidians 1st Civilizing force in Sumer draining marshes for agriculture developing trade establishing industries weaving leatherwork metalwork masonry pottery. After Ubaidian immigration to Mesopotamia various Semitic Peoples migrated adding various Cultures to Ubaidian Culture creating a Civilization. Ubaid Warka Protoliterate - non Semitic People who spoke a Semitic language. Ubaid Warka Protoliterate in southern forms. During these times writing invented.

Sumer 1st Settled - 4500 to 4000 bc by non Semitic Peoples and Languages.

South Of The Region Of Akkad - an area called Sumer southern or southeastern division of Ancient Babylonia

He Bought The Hill Sumaria - off Shemer for two talents of silver and built on The Hill and Called Name Of The City that he built after the name of Shemer Owner Of The Hill Sumaria.

The Land Of Akkad - Southern Mesopotamia became known as The Land Of Akkad with an area to the south called Sumer.

At This Time Hebrews - Semites Akkadians and Egyptians had developed a Writing System.

Semites - Akkadians or a Semitic speaking language groups settled before them had a part in urbanization that took place at end of 4th millennium. Akkadian Gods - Ea and Anu.

Akkadian Semites - emigrated to Mesopotamia from the west end 4th millennium bc beliefs were assimilated and integrated with the new environment. Possessing an intellectual framework that provided understanding of The Forces governing existence also guidance for right conduct in life religion conditioned all aspects of Ancient Mesopotamian Civilization. Forming of Civilization social economic legal political military institutions provided Language symbols for poetry and art. Influenced Peoples and Cultures many ways outside Mesopotamia Elamites east Hurrians and Hittites north Aramaeans and Hebrews west. Mesopotamia before Rise Of The Akkadian Empire.

Beliefs and Practices Of Akkadians - and successors Babylonians and Assyrians in Ancient Mesopotamia beliefs and practices forms a single Tradition millennia before Christian era.

It Was The Task Of The Akkadian Dynasty To Unite - within these boundaries a territory that transcended the dimensions of a State to a Nation or Country.

Southern Mesopotamia - became known as The Land Of Sumer.

Under The Kings Of Akkad - their Semitic Language known as Akkadian became a literary language written with cuneiform system of writing. Akkadian oldest Semitic dialect still preserved.

Akkad - and Akkadian became name of a language the Arts rose to new heights.

Not 1st Time - Akkadians had emerged in History.

Akkadian Kings List - records 8 Kings reigned Before The Great Flood with Semitic names.

Akkadian Kings List - 1st Dynasty Of Kish with 8 Kings bearing Akkadian Semitic names immediately After The Great Flood. Compilation of names places dates exploits edited to show oneness of Kingship in the face of splintered City States of period.

Some Earlier Kings With Semitic Names - recorded in the Kings List of 8 Kings.

4th mill bc: mid - Akkadian - Writing 1st Attested - predominantly logographic each word or morpheme represented by a single graph or symbol long remained a highly imperfect means of rendering the spoken word.

Cuneiform Akkadian On Clay Tablets - was The International Diplomatic Medium of writing during the phases of Akkadian Egyptian Babylonian Mesopotamian History and is an integral part of the Egyptian epigraphic record..

5350 bc: Enos died - born 5255 bc - died 4350 bc - age: 905 yrs.

4463 bc: Lamech Dies - born 4216 bc - died 3463 bc - age: 777 yrs.

4434 bc: Methusalah Dies - born 4403 bc - died 3434 bc - age: 969 yrs.

4291 bc: Cainaan - born 3291 bc

4216 bc: Lamech - born 4216 bc

4203 bc: Enoch died - born 4568 bc died 4203 bc age: 365 yrs.

4160 bc: Salah - born 3161 bc.

4031 bc: Eber - born 3031 bc

4028 bc: Noah born - Life Of Noah - 4028 bc -3078 bc

4000 bc: Mahalaleel died - born 4895 bc died 4000 bc age: 895 yrs.

4000 bc: Great Flood - of Southern Mesopotamia.

4000 bc: Canaanites - a group of coastal cities heavily forested mountains of cedar inhabited by Semitic Peoples.

Canaan - earliest native reference name applied to The Land - usually in error as The Land of Caanaan before most Canaaite Tribes migrated from The Land in the South to the Land of Nod then to the present Northern Hemisphere designation mistakenly known as The Land of Caanaan in Middle East areas. Phoenician coins are found across Australia.

To The Land Of Nod - east of The Land and Eden - being landmasses under water between east coast of Australia to New Zealand that obviously sunk under water and Caanites migrated to the Northern Hemisphere present location.

4000 bc: Breton - Neolithic Period - major change occurred introduction of agriculture by Neolithic immigrants from coasts of western and northwestern Europe pastoralists as well as tillers of soil. Tools of flint axes of volcanic rock traded. Dead buried in communal graves. Two main kinds in west tombs built out of stone concealed under mounds of rubble in stoneless eastern areas dead buried under long barrow mounds of earth with timber structures.

Beaker Folk - late Neolithic Early Bronze Age Peoples in temperate zones of Europe received the name from bell shaped beakers decorated in horizontal zones by fine stamps culture often called Bell Beaker Culture. Graves of Beaker folk usually modest single graves in western Europe often the form of megalithic tombs.

4000 bc: Scythians - Peoples in Black Sea Steppe lands - domesticated the horse. Extent of Scythians influence on various indigenous cultures wide spread from Hungary Arphad and Romania north into Russian steppes Siberia eastwards across Ukraine Anatolia modern Turkey south to Syria Mesopotamia east into Mongolia Tibet to the Chinese border country.

3rd mill bc: Assyrians - not known how long Semitic Tribes had been settled there.

3rd mill bc: Breton - Earthworks known as Henge Monuments like Durrington Walls Wiltshire of great size enclose subsidiary timber circles. A Breton Neolithic culture developed own individuality southeast of Breton continued close contact with continent north and west with Ireland. Evidence of human settlement in Scotland. Earliest Peoples Mesolithic Middle Stone Age hunters fishermen reached Scotland via land bridge to continent on west coast near Oban far south as Kirkcudbright settlements marked by large deposits of discarded mollusk shells.

3rd mill bc: Subsidence in Historic Records - end 3rd millennium a period of disunity followed by a subsidence in Historic Records.

3rd mill bc: Ancient Mesopotamia - Surviving epigraphic records from 3rd to early 2nd millennia bc provides a wealth of historical material.

3rd mill bc: 1st Dynasty Of Lag Ash - Last Ruler - Uruk Agina made a prime document of Social Reform designation of Reform Texts only partly explained. Tensions had arisen between The Palace or The Ruler's Residence with its Annex Administrative staff and landed properties and Clergy Stewards and Priests of Temples. Uruk Agina in contrast to near all of his predecessors lists no genealogy defends the Clergy whose plight he describes tearfully. Ningirsu or The City Goddess Baba - and The Divine Couple's Son had been reinstated as owners. In archives of Temple of Baba in Girsu from Lugalanda and Uruk Agina representative. Restoring The Fields to The Divinity the situation of Temple ameliorated Palace Lands were assigned to the Priests.

In a passage - in The Reform Texts of Uruk Agina that states on The Field of The Ensi or his wife and The Crown Prince of The City of God On one occasion Uruk Agina used The Formula - from the limits of Ningirsu that is The City of God of Girsu to the sea having in mind a distance of up to 125 miles.

3831 bc: Cainaan Died - born 3291 bc died 2831 bc age: 460 yrs.

3768 bc: Jared Died - born 4730 bc died 3768 bc age: 962 yrs.

3767 bc: Reu Born - 2767 bc

3575 bc: Ra - Sun God - spelled Ra or Phra - origin of the word Pharoah or King.

3500 bc: 1st Pharaonic Dynasty Of Egypt - Reign Of Sun God RA - Sun God or God of The Sun or The Son of God Creator. He rose from The Ocean Of Chaos.

On The Primeval Hill - Creating Himself then in turn engendering eight other gods. Believed to Travel Across The Sky in His Solar Bark during the night.

To Make His Passage - in another Bark through The Underworld where during the night he had to vanquish the evil serpent Apopis or Apepi in order to be born again for The New Day.

3500 bc: Scythians - very early type of Mesopotamian Writing known preceded wedge shaped Sumerian cuneiform by many centuries before Sumerians arrival into Human History.

3505 bc: Nahor - born 2505 bc

3428 bc: Great Flood Of Noah - lasts 1 year - start 3428 bc - end 3427 bc refer: Same Storyline

Noah was 600 years old - when the flood of waters were upon the Earth.. 4028 - 3428 = 600 years

Zi USud RA - Ubar Tutu's son - was Zi USud RA alternatively Uta Napishtim whose Reign was interrupted by The Flood and built an Ark to escape the waters.

Enlil Sent The Great Flood - that drowned Earth. Only the pious King Ziusud Ra escaped in a boat.

Manu - Hindu - Manu washing hands in the river when a tiny fish begged him to save it saying it would return the favour. Manu asked the fish how it could return the favor the fish replied there was a Great Flood on the way that would wash away all living things. Manu put the fish in a pot soon it outgrew the pot moved it to a tank then a lake finally the sea. The fish advised Manu to build a boat as The Flood was coming. When the ship was built waters rose the fish returned and towed the Ark by a cable fastened saving Manu.

3427 bc: Great Flood - ends.

3426 bc: Arphaxad - born 3426 bc

3300 bc: Invaders - nameless nomads from Anatolia arrive move to The Akkadian Kingdom to an area called Sumer. Not having a name called themselves Sumerians for People from Sumer.

3300 bc: Sumerians Arrival - from around Anatolia arriving in area of Sumer about 3300 bc.

Name Akkad - became synonymous with a Population of Groups that Sumerians stood side by side with until a dispute arose.

History of Sumer and Akkad - is one of constant warfare - Sumerians after moving to Sumer built a City State called themselves Sumerians then fought against Akkadians for control of the region rendering the region vulnerable to invasion from Akkad and from neighbour to the east Elam. A series of wars marked the history Sumer Akkad and Babylon had already developed a rich culture before the nameless nomads later called Summerians arrival to Sumer.

Fall Of Akkad - sudden eclipse of Akkadian Empire with Summerian replacing spoken Akkadian.

Long After Naram Sin - attributed The Fall of Akkad to the gods' retaliation or attacks also the Ruler's presumed pride. Summerians took over from years from 3300 bc to 2500 bc

1st Summerian Uruk Dynasty - Gilgamesh hero of many stories Gilgamesh and Huwawa Gilgamesh and Bull of Heaven Death of Gilgamesh Gilgamesh Enkidu and Netherworld Epic of Ensuhkeshdanna and Lugalbanda with heroes and rulers of 1st Dynasty of Uruk wars between Uruk and City of Aratta in eastern highlands. These myths being older Akkadian Legends

3200 bc: Phoenicians Trade with Egypt - Peoples of Gebeil or Byblos cut cedar trees in mountains of Lebanon shipped to Egypt and Mesopotamia for use in building ships making columns for houses. Phoenicians brought back gold copper turquoise from Nile Valley and Sinai. Phoenicia was a strip of territory varying up to 20 miles or 32 kilometers wide with length of 120 miles or 200 kilometers.

3200 bc: Dibon - an Ancient capital City of Moab north of Arnon River west central Jordan.

Excavations Uncovered Remains - of several City walls a square Tower numerous buildings.

3200 bc: Early Bronze Age - 3200 - 2300 bc - Pottery on site dates from Early Bronze 3200 - 2300 bc.

3196 bc: Abram - born 2196 bc - died 2021 bc - age: 175 yrs. Abram changed name to Abraham.

3181 bc: Terah died - born 2326 bc - died 2181 bc - age: 145 yrs..

3150 bc to 3110 bc: Date of Unification of Egypt - between 3150 to 3110 bc

3150 bc: City Of Arad - Canaanite City prosperous from 3150 to 2200 bc.

3110 bc - 2950 bc: Date Of Unification - 1st Dynasty Of Egypt - united upper and lower Egypt.

3100 bc: The Unification Of Egypt - various factions struggled to gain control victory fell to Menes in Upper Egypt. Menes also known as Narmer or Ay. Egyptians considered Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt as most important event in Egyptian history. Egyptian gods often represented as animals. Other gods RA Ptah and Amon were given Human representation.

Created capital at Memphis dedicated temple to god Ptah. Egyptian beliefs were revised to explain events. Almost all other gods came from this event.

The Most Important God RA - The God that created The Cosmos who created Order out of chaos was not represented at all. .

3100 bc: Breton - Stonehenge - located 18.5 miles south of Avebury site and 8 miles northwest of Salisbury in Wiltshire England built in prehistoric times beginning 3100 bc a circular setting of large standing stones surrounded by Earthworks of 3 main periods of building Stonehenge I II and III the last divided into seperate phases.Stonehenge today is considerably ruined many of its stones have been stolen by medieval and early modern builders.

3096 bc: Isaac - born 2096 bc

3078 bc: Noah - died 3078 bc - age: 950 yrs.

3050 bc: 1st Pharaonic Dynasty Of Egypt - Reign of Sun God RA.

3036 bc: Jacob - born 2036

3021 bc: Abraham died - 2196 bc - 2021 bc age: 175 years

3000 bc: Numerous Small States Had Arisen - in The Nile Valley.

3000 bc: Common Ancestor Nation - both Nations Urartians and Hurrians spoke closely related languages from a Common Ancestor Nation 3000 bc or earlier. Urartians owe much Cultural heritage to Hurrians also to Assyrians and borrowed script literary forms military diplomatic administration practices and artistic styles.

3000 bc: Semites Whether Akkadians or Semitic Language Groups - that settled had a part in urbanization that took place near end of 4th millennium bc.

3000 bc: Canaanite Tribes Migrated From Land Of Nod - to Northern Hemisphere settled established independent trading Cities early Canaanites had limited ship building capability sailing flat bottomed barges hugging the shore.

3000 bc: Canaanites Settled On Coast Of Lebanon - established independent trading cities. Phoenicia a Greek term for coast of Lebanon location at intersection of land and sea routes linking the Ancient World. Phoenicia became famous as a commercial center Phoenicians discovered and used the North Star Polaris to keep bearings at sea. The Tribes of Asher - settled among Phoenicians in upper regions of Palestine.

3000 bc: Canaanite Civilization - Ancient Hebrew Tribe - Caanite Writing System - 22 symbols or letters later became Phoenician alphabet similar to Hebrew script. Phoenicians claim to be Civilized since 3000 bc.

Hebrew Alphabet - consists of - 22 letters 4 consonants

3000 bc: Semites - 5,000 years ago Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to Persian Gulf then west to Red Sea inhabited by a race of Semites lived in eastern portion of Fertile Crescent. Hebrews Canaanites Akkadians Assyrians. Babylonians in western portion.

3000 bc: Hebrew Abraham - son of Terah and brother of Nahor and Haran a family that dwelled at Ur in the land of Chaldeans Terah took his family to Haran where he died. From Haran Abraham migrated with his family to The Land toward end of 2000 bc long before Chaldeans established themselves in Sumer others speculate Abraham's migration from Haran much later.

Genesis 11:31 Terah Took Abram - his son Lot son of Haran his son's son Sarai his daughter in law his son Abram's wife they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees to go into The Land they came to Haran and dwelt there.

3000 bc: Abraham Moved To The Land - devoting himself and family to one God refusing to recognize any other gods.

Later Times Because Of Famine - descendants migrated to Egypt 1st treated well later enslaved.

Hebrew - Habiru and Hebrew - Those Who Have Renounced a relationship to an existing Society who by a deliberate action withdrawn from some organization or rejected some Authority.

The Word Hebrew - becomes a Multi National Term or Terminology.

Hebrews Appear To Be - one branch of Northwest Semitic groups related linguistically to Canaanites Edomites Moabites and Gentiles who moved from a semi nomadic existence to settled life in The Bronze Age.

Tribal Federations - Calebites United With Tribe of Judah when confronted by common problems or enemies Tribal Federations were formed

Tribal Activity In The Land - portrayed as a Twelve Tribe Federation called The Congregation.

Amorites Lived In - modern areas of Lebanon Syria and Israel.

Founder Of Moab - was Moab a son of Lot a nephew of Abraham.

Moabites - belonged to same ethnic stock as The Children Of The Hebrews.

Moabite Language - differed only dialectally from Hebrew.

Moabite Religion and Culture - very closely related to those of The Hebrews.

Moabites - were excluded from Hebrew Communities.

Name Moab and Moabite - became a typical reference name for the enemies of God.

3000 bc: Early Dynastic Period - narratives include episodes of The Rule Of The Sun God On Earth

2nd mill bc: Phoenician Punic - spoken in Phoenicia on islands of Mediterranean and North Africa from 2nd millennium bc to 1st millennium ad. Also Middle Stage belong Hebrew Moabite Ya'udi and Old Aramaic.

2nd mill bc: Scythians Early History - horse employed for riding by fierce nomadic Peoples of central Asia. One of these Peoples the Scythians were accomplished horsemen used saddles first to devise a form of stirrup.

29th cent bc: early - Abraham's Departure - from Mesopotamia at time of Elamite and Amorite invasion between 29st and 30th centuries bc. Negeb dotted with hamlets engaged in agriculture tended small flocks. Such settlements provided stopping places for Abraham and his retinue.

29th cent bc: Abraham leaves Ur Mesopotamia - beginning of 29th century bc in some manuscripts time spent in Egypt and The Land in a 430 year period some manuscripts read 435 years Jacob's in 25th century bc.

Early Hebrews Possessed a Strong Centralizing Force

They Maintained The Law - in their Monotheistic Faith Combined with a Stern Code of Ethics that set them apart from all their neighbours. The Children Of The Hebrews sustaining constant attacks launched by neighbours. Hebrews attained Political Solidarity for Salvation from its foes that lay only in The Uniting Of The Hebrew Tribes.

Names In The Hebrew Kings List - of 8 or 9 Kings or Leaders before Flood.

Clearly Stated is - Hebrews Originate from Outside of Canaan - as the land of Caanaan is in the Northern Hemisphere while The Land is referred to as a South Land. Promise to Abraham has two parts - Nationhood and divine blessing and protection. Precise location of The Nation specified was a South Land known to those hearing or reading the account as Australia. The Bond between God and his followers the enemies of Abraham or The Nation were enemies of God. Those befriending Abraham and or The Nation then they also would be blessed.

Abraham Journeyed From Ur - to Canaan Egypt the Negeb Hebron Gezer Beer Sheba and back to Hebron where he and his wife Sarah died. Abraham in the Middle Bronze Age era. Abraham called a Hebrew for 1st time records a battle between Patriarch and Kings of Countries or areas and associates him with the Canaanite King of Jerusalem.

A Powerful City - was located in The Land in the Middle Bronze Age Period.

Jacob Changes His Name To Israel - Jacob's twin brother Esau goes off to construct Petra also called Edom.

Covenant With Abraham - to your descendants I have given The Land .. (ie: of Australia) .. to the river of Egypt and as far as the great river Euphrates. Covenant ie: Agreement or Legal Contract

The Land - During The Time Of The Hebrew Kings - was a thinly populated land with relatively prosperous agricultural communities called Moab.

Hebrews - to The Land - Canaanite's were themselves visitors also Hebrews as brothers travelled with other Hebrews to the northern Hemisphere who settled in more sparsely populated less fertile hills east of the coastal plains some settled on plains of Galilee.

2999 bc: Egyptian - Canaanite ceramic pieces found in Egyptian tombs dating 2999 bc

2950 bc: City Of Arad - Early Bronze Age 2950-2650 bc - Arad a large fortified City. Capital of a Canaanite Kingdom ruled over a large part of northern Negev. King of Arad ruler of Kingdom of Arad. Canaanites of Arad grew wheat barley olive beans constructed earth dams in dry river beds goats sheep cattle. City located at crossroads of two main trade routes southward from Judean Hills to Negev and Edom westward from shores of Dead Sea across Negev to southern coast.

2920 bc: 1st Egyptian Dynasty - 2920 - 2770 bc - 150 years. Kings: Menes - Memnon - Narmer - Aha

2916 bc: Isaac died - born 2096 bc - died 1916 bc age: 180 yrs.

2906 bc: Jacob - born 1906 bc

2900 bc: Egyptian Pyramids - first built around 2900 bc.

2900 bc: Hebrews A Semitic Speaking Peoples - 1st Appeared In Mesopotamia Abraham's family native to Sumer between 2900 and 2500 bc Hebrews migrated from Mesopotamia to The Land then back to Egypt. A Tribe of Hebrews claimed to be descendants of Abraham called themselves Hebrews and Soldiers of God.

28th cent bc: Jacob's Settlement In Egypt - Abraham mention of King Amraphel of Shinar. Abraham in The Land in this period. Joseph rises to power close of period leaders Akhenaton.

2897 bc: Peleg - born 2897 bc

2889 bc: Jacob died - born 3036 bc died 2889 bc - age: 147 yrs.

2861 bc: Arphaxad died - born 3426 bc died 2861 bc age: 565 yrs.

2800 bc: 1st King to Unite Separate City States - was Etana Ruler of Kish 2800 bc.

2800 bc: Canaanites Traded Cedar - timber olive oil and wine from Byblos for metals and ivory from Egypt.

2800 bc: Maritime Trade Routes Established - along coasts of Eastern Mediterranean bringing into contact various Peoples of Egypt and Syria. Egyptian seamen trading shores of Red Sea to coast of Arabia as far as Sumerian settlement head of Persian Gulf bringing into contact the World's most Ancient Civilizations through trade.

27th cent bc: Earliest Akkadian Names and Words - occur in written sources of 27th century. Names of several Akkadian Scribes are found in archives of Tall Abu Salabikh near Nippur central Babylonia.

27th cent bc: Jacob's Migration To Egypt - 215 years after time of Abraham's Journey from Ur to The Land and Jacob's migration to Egypt 430 years total then of 645 years before Exodus.

2770 bc: 2nd Egyptian Dynasty - 2770 - 2650 bc - 120 consecutive years

2701 bc: Salah died - born 3161 bc - died 2701 bc - age: 460 yrs.

2700 bc: South America - larger villages began to appear.

2700 bc: Jacob's Journey To Egypt - God Said To Him Thy name is Jacob. Thy Name Shall Not be called any more Jacob Israel Shall Be Thy Name and He called his name Israel.

26th cent bc: Mari writing - introduced at latest about mid 26th century bc from that time this City situated on middle Euphrates forms an important centre of cuneiform Civilization especially in regard to its Semitic component.

26th cent bc: Breton - Avebury - Achaeological site in Kennet district county of Wiltshire England 18.5 miles north of Stonehenge on River Kennet foot of Marlborough Downs one of largest best known prehistoric sites in Europe 28.5 acres 11.5 hectares.

26th to 21st centuries bc: Avebury and Sanctuary - burial sites found next to Kennet Avenue stones. Circles at Avebury and Sanctuary built about same time by Neolithic communities whose habitation sites crossed by Kennet Avenue. Silbury Hill at 130 feet high. Largest prehistoric mound in Europe not used as a burial site.

2686-2160 bc: The Old Kingdom - Country and Land United Under A Powerful Monarchy - served by a complex bureaucracy.

2650 bc: 3rd Egyptian Dynasty - 2650 - 2575 bc

2650 bc: Reign of King Gilgam Aesh of Uruk - or Iraq.

2650 bc: City Of Arad - 2950-2650 bc - after many years City of Arid ceases when Joshua marches through.

2635 bc: Serug - born 2635 bc.

2627 bc: South America - City of Caral - enormous size of urban complex 65 hectares in central zone 6 large platform Pyramids many smaller platform mounds 2 sunken circular plazas diverse architectural features including residential districts. Other villages in Peru occupied before 2600 bc had small scale Public Platforms or Stone Rings.

2600 bc: Egyptian Pyramids - structures of stone called Pyramids.

2593 bc: Aaron - Born - 1593 bc.

2590 bc: Moses - Born.

Exodus Of Moses With Hebrew Tribes - Hebrews Enslaved by Egyptians when Moses led them on an exodus out of Egypt to Sinai peninsula. Moses persuaded followers to become worshippers of God wandering the Wilderness with Moses then returning to The Land where Twenty Four Hebrew Tribes United for an Event called The Heave Offering. Hebrews faced constant threats from Philistines who occupied coastal regions. Twenty Four Hebrew tribes united next under David.

2 Kings 19:12 Have the gods of the nations delivered them that My Fathers have destroyed as Gozan and Haran and Rezeph and the Children of Eden that were in Thelasar ?

Hebrew Migration To The Land - taking place forty years later about or to Api Ru.

Hebrew Beginnings In Ezek Mixed Ancestry - Amorite Hittite Canaanite attributed to Jerusalem Sites.

2576 bc: Moses and Hebrews Migrate From Egypt - Under leadership of Moses combined Hebrews leave Egypt Moses assumed in his twenties. Documented is Pharoah of Egypt and armies are wiped out at this time this leaves Hebrews as conquerers of Egypt at this stage and time. Moses spent years with restoration of Giza Pyramids forging a community then set off on a journey to The Land referred to as a South Land comquering all lands on the way to The Land is recorded while walking for 40 years to reach The Land.

2575 bc: 4th Egyptian Dynasty - 2575 - 2467 bc

2575 bc: 4th Dynasty Of RA - 2575–2465 bc - RA had risen to his leading position. Many syncretisms were formed between RA and other gods producing names Re Harakhty Amon RA Sebek Re and Khnum RA. Other gods influenced RA. Falcon headed appearance as RA Harakhty originated through association with flight wars against Horus. From 4th Dynasty Kings or Pharoahs held title Son of RA. RA later became part of the throne name adopted at accession.

2558 bc: Peleg - died 2558 bc - Age: 77 yrs. Peleg - born 2897 bc - died 2558 bc - age: 339 yrs.

2550 bc: Egyptian Pharoah Cheops - or Khufu at Giza. Cheops lived around 2550 bc.

2550 bc: Moses in The Land - with The Congregation of the Children of Hebrews given The Law

First Town Of Jerusalem - was a Jebusite Stronghold. .

Some Hebrews - lived in communities led by Priests or Military Chieftains others lived in Canaanite towns including an Amorite town Jerusalem. Hebrews practiced agriculture tradesmen involved with caravans carried spices ointments resins others were herders. God instructed Moses to convert Hebrews to worship God convinced them to move from Egypt placing exodus from Egypt 1446 bc during a time of no major building in Egypt. Moses found Kingdom of Edom or Petra from there told to go to The Land .. on the east coast of the land of Moab.

Combined Multi National Peoples called Hebrews arrive in The Land - with Moses being around 100 years old.

The King and His Land is Freed by Moses and Hebrew Forces - from capture and rape of His Land The King is recogmised from many lands that donate to The Event then The King informs Moses of The Event and requirements then gives Moses The Law. Each Earth Tribe by lot is given a piece of land for themselves by The King called Host of Hosts for The Event called The Heave Offering with both of The Arks of The Covenant used at The Event .

A Place Called The Sanctuary - playing a major role in The Event housing all Earth Royalty Groups and Porter Troops with over 1.2 million Singers and Musiicians with compass bearings that Perform from The City at a particular reference spot with roads built for The Event Samctuary Performers being in The City of God with Security Forces and also with another 1.2 million or so Troops over 1.2 million Musicians and Singers from twenty four Earth Tribes on site at The Rock for The Event.

The Sanctuary - Is The Land That Abraham Bought - from Mamre or Manly to Mount Yengo for The Event.

The Heave Offering - when The Congregation and The Songregation is formed The Performance lasts two years two months and one day. Twenty Four Hebrew Earth Tribes merge into Twelve Cities and Twelve Groups of alotment. A lot of begating is recorded.

Same Exact Event Recorded Occurring Twice - in The Book of Jasher occuring in the time of Moses David and Solomon requiring massive construction Works to be achieved around The World by certain dates for The Event.

Pyramids and Menhirs - half The World has Pyramids and half The World contained Menhirs or Stonehenges. Why?

A) A Organic Global Electrical System - Pyramids are a positive charge and Menhirs charge negativly into a massive Global Electrical System designed by The Ancient Hebrews for Earth Correctional problems. All should have been constructed on The Earth Grid System and ALL WORKS HAVE BEEN PAID FOR ALREADY is recorded.

2550 bc: Cimmerians Ousted by Invading Scythians - second half of 2nd millennium bc. Several centuries separates from appearance of historic Cimmerians in Asia.

2530 bc: Conquered By Elamites - Cities of Kish Erech Ur and Lagash vied for ascendancy for hundreds of years rendering Sumer vulnerable to external conquerors 1st Elamites 2530-2450 bc.

2500 bc. Fall of Sumerians - their records make last appearance end of Summerian Civilisation wiped out by Akkadians.

2500 bc: Cimmerians Ousted By Invading Scythians - centuries separates from next appearance of Cimmerians in Asia.

Akshak - Ancient City of Mesopotamia on northern boundary of Akkad identified by some authorities with Babylonian City of Upi Opis.

2500 bc: Akshak Conquered By Eannatum King of Lagash - century later Akshak temporarily established hegemony over Sumer and Akkad. Akshak location uncertain Mari letters from Royal archives at Mari on Euphrates River 1770 bc indicate near Eshnunna Diyala River valley.

2500 bc: Ashur City - name applied to City of Ashur to Country of Ashur and to principal God of ancient Assyrians Ashur. City of Ashur originally occupied about 2500 bc. Was this the banished Hebrew Tribe of Ashur banished after war to across a river. Reached area by Tigris River or Syria or from the south.

2500 bc: Indus Valley Civilization - one of earliest Civilizations most ancient in India. Indus Valley Civilization flourished 2500 bc to 1700 bc a sophisticated culture main urban centers Mohenjo Daro and Harappa.

2500 bc: Ashur - Start of Assyrian Empire - early Hebrew Tribes Split apart Asher and Ashur Tribes build City of Ashur. City of Ashur originally occupied 2500 bc. Assyrian Inscriptions Composed From Hebrew Akkadian - under Ur III Ashur was a provincial capital. Shulgi and Amar Su'ena mention destruction of Urbilum.

2527 bc: Eber died - born 3031 bc - died 2527 bc - age 504 yrs.

2465 bc: 5th Egyptian Dynasty - 2465 - 2323 bc

2428 bc: Reu died - born 2767 bc - died 2428 bc - age 339 yrs.

2400 bc: Amorites - member of ancient Semitic speaking Peoples who dominated history of Mesopotamia Syria and Palestine from 2000 to about 1600 bc. Oldest cuneiform sources 2400- 2000 bc. Amorites place of origin ?

2476 bc: Jacob died - born 2906 bc - died 2476 bc - age: 430 yrs.

2467 bc: Aaron died - born - 2593 bc - 2467 . age: 126 years

2467 bc: Moses died - born 2590 - died around 2467 bc at age: 123yrs.

2370 bc: Reign Of Sargon The Great Of Akkad - self made Man of humble origins a Gardener found as a baby floating in a basket on a River. Finder of the basket a Priestess in a town on middle Euphrates. Father unknown.

2350 bc: Semitic Speaking Peoples United - northern Mesopotamia with City States in Sumer a new Capital at Akkad centralized government under authority of the King his Royal Court and high class of priests.

2334 bc: Sargon - of Akkad ancient Mesopotamian Ruler reigned 2334-2279 bc one of earliest Great Empire builders conquering all of southern Mesopotamia parts of Syria Anatolia and Elam western Iran. Established region's 1st Semitic Dynasty considered founder of Mesopotamian Military Tradition.

2300 bc: Sargon Ruler of Akkad - invaded and conquered City states of Sumer. Built 1st Empire known to History. Sargon encouraged a well ordered society capital City at Nineveh. Developed extensive Laws regulating life within Royal household riches from trade and war loot paid for palaces in well planned cities. Women of Palace confined to quarters veiled when appearing in public. Sargon divided the Empire into provinces each administered by a governor responsible to the King built military roads to move troops quickly to any part of the Empire. Sargon known from legends tales writngs built and founded Capital City of Agade never located. Destroyed at end of Dynasty of Sargon never again inhabited.

Sargon Became King Over All of Southern Mesopotamia - 1st great ruler speaking a Semitic Language known as Akkadian. Earliest Known Map dating from time of Sargon of Akkad 2334-2279 bc shows canals Tigris rivers a tributary and surrounding mountains.

Akkadian Kings List - Sargon King for 56 years.

2334 bc: Akkadians and Assyrians Led By King Sargon - reigned 2334-2279 bc devastated Sumerians from History. Sargon's Dynasty united City states created a model of government influenced all of Middle Eastern Civilization.

Isaiah 20:1 In the year that Tartan came to Ashdod when Sargon the King of Assyria sent him and fought against Ashdod and took it.

2334 bc: Sargon I - 1st King of 6th Dynasty - reigned 2334–2279 bc Reigned 55 years Royal inscriptions by Sargon I of Akkad and Gudea of Lag Ash.

2326 bc: Terah - born 2326 bc

2325 bc: Pepi I - 3rd King of 6th Dynasty - 2325– 2150 bc.

2323 bc: 6th Egyptian Dynasty - 2323 - 2152 bc

2305 bc: Serug died - born 2635 bc - died 2305 bc - age: 330 yrs.

2300 bc: City of Agade - founded by Semitic conqueror Sargon about 2300 bc.

2300 bc: Kings of Assyria - Sargon of Akkad - Sargon United the various City States - in the region and extended his rule to encompass much of Mesopotamia.

2300 bc: Semitic Leader Sargon I - conquered all of Babylonia - founded first Dynasty of Akkad or Akkadu that held power for about a century and a half.

2300 bc: Akkadian King Sargon - United City States extended rule to much of Mesopotamia.

Under Kings Of Akkad - Semitic Language of Akkadian became a literary language written with cuneiform system of writing.

2300 bc: Middle Bronze Age - pottery dating Middle to Late Bronze Ages 2300 - 1200 bc

Al Karak or Kerak - town west central Jordan Wadi al Karak15 miles 24 km east of Dead Sea.

Built on a small steep walled butte - about 3100 feet 950 m above sea level the town

Kir - is Kir Hareseth or Kir Heres of Old Testament. One of The Capital Cities of Ancient Moab.

Ancient Name means - Wall of Potsherds - in Hebrew City of Potsherds - in Ancient Moabite.

Siege of Ancient Moabite Stronghold - By Combined Forces of Hebrews with Judah and to Edom.

Natural Fortress - evidence of settlement throughout Biblical times

2300 bc: King Of Assyria Sargon Of Akkad - flourished 2300 bc. Summeria Conquered by Sargon Akkadian ruler of Kish in Southern Mesopotamia.

2300 bc: Breton - Bronze Age Beaker Culture - changes introduced by Beaker folk migrating from Europe and middle Rhine. Germanic Peoples buried dead in individual graves with drinking vessel gives the culture its name. Earliest of them used flint in stone age. Later groups brought knowledge of metallurgy responsible for exploitation of gold and copper deposits in Breton and Ireland introduced an Indo European language. Trade dominated by chieftains of Wessex whose rich graves testify. Commerce in one direction to Ireland and Cornwall and to central Europe and Baltic where amber was imported to. Amber bead spacers from Wessex found in shaft graves at Mycenae Greece. Construction of monumental shaped sarsens large sandstones known as Stonehenge. Late Neolithic Stonehenge transformed in Beaker times with circle of large bluestone monoliths transported from southwest Wales. Southeast Breton continued close contact with continent.

Warlike Stock - primarily bowmen also armed with a flat tanged dagger or spearhead of copper and a curved rectangular wrist guard. Extensive search for copper and gold accelerated spread of bronze metallurgy in Europe. A Germanic tribe Beaker folk soon spread into central southern and western Europe in their search for metals in central Europe they came into contact with Battle Ax or Corded Ware Single Grave culture characterized by beaker shaped pottery different in detail also by use of horses and a shaft hole battle ax.

Two Germanic Tribes or Cultures From Central Europe Intermixed - later spread from central Europe to migrate to or invade Breton. Bell Beaker - Corded Ware - Battle Ax - Urnfield Ware Cultures - constituted a radical change in Breton where they travelled looking for gold.

2297 bc: Nahor died - born 2505 bc - died 2297 bc - age: 208 yrs.

2279 bc: Sargon I Reign Ends - of Akkad Mesopotamian Ruler reigned 2334-2279 bc. Reigned 55 years

2279 bc: Soon After Sargon's Death - invaders swept into the Empire putting it into ruin after Sargon's Dynasty Ended. Sumer recovered from the devastating invasion by semi barbaric Gutians with City states again becoming Independent.

Early Law Code - reign of 3rd Dynasty of Ur

1st King of Ur - Nammu earliest Law Code in Mesopotamia.

2260 bc: Canaanite King Of Arad - lived in the South heard tell that Hebrews part of Moses' tribes going to The Land came by way of Atharim he fought against Hebrews took some captive.

2200 bc: Moses Dies - 120 years old in The Land buried with Hebrew Kings in The Valley Of The City Of God.

Asher Tribes Split - at this time from the 24 Hebrew tribes of Earth called The Congregation and The Songregation using two Arks of The Covenant for 2 years two months and one day in an Event called The Heave Offering in The Service of The Song. Asher tribes migrate away due to a demarcation dispute making town of Asher origins of later Assyrians. Other tribes depart at this time as well.

Dan Tribes Split - a while later due to another dispute tribes of Dan depart with some other tribes departing.

2200: Fall Of City Of Arad - to Joshuah. Canaanite City prosperous from 3150 to 2200 bc.

End Of Late Bronze Age - Hebrew Tribes entered Palestine before end of Late Bronze Age - did not become firmly established in their new home until early decades of 12th century. Their number increased greatly during settling of Canaan by seminomadic Hebrew Tribes already in Palestine as well as by many settled Canaanites the Gibeonites who joined the invaders against their neighbours. Hebrews began building amid ruins of older settlements into new settlements that sprang up rapidly all through the hill country. Resurgent Canaanites had not been driven from the coastal plain.

Canaanites and Philistines Were Considered By The Hebrews - as fellow Hebrews.

The Hebrew Peoples - began to settle down before the Hebrews invasion remaining polytheists until end of the Old Testament Period.

Early Hebrews Possessed A Strong Centralizing Force - in a Monotheistic Faith with a stern Code Of Ethics that set them apart from all their neighbours. Moses tradition of The Covenant between God and Hebrews made concrete by The Tabernacle and The Ritual bound The Tribes together in a bond. Organization central was a place called The Sanctuary surrounded by worshipers.

Hebrews Solidarity - was Salvation from foes that lay only in Union Of The Peoples Of The Earth.

2150 bc: Pepi I - 3rd King of 6th Dynasty - reign ends 2150 bc. Reigned 175 years.

2150 bc: Egyptian Intermediate Period - between 7th - 11th Dynasties - 2150 -1986 bc

21st cent bc: After Fall Of The Dynasty Of Akkad.

2112 bc: 3rd Dynasty of Ur - 2112- 2004 bc. King Ur Nammu of Sumerian 3rd Dynasty of Ur

2100 bc: Stonehenge II - site remodeled about 80 bluestone pillars weighing 4 tons each erected in centre of site to form two concentric circles the circles never completed. Bluestones from Preseli Mountains southwestern Wales by sea river overland distance of 240 miles in 2 stages widely separated in time. Entrance way of setting of bluestones aligned upon sunrise at summer solstice alignment being continued by a newly built and widened approach to the Avenue with a pair of Heel stones. Double circle of bluestones dismantled in following period.

2004 bc: Fall of Ur III - Amorite Nomads - one of causes of downfall of 3rd Dynasty of Ur 2112- 2004 bc.

2000 bc: Stonehenge III - linteled circle and horseshoe of large sarsen stones erected. Sarsen stones transported from the Marlborough Downs 20 miles north erected in a circle of 30 uprights 17 are still standing capped by a continuous ring of stone lintels within the ring a horseshoe formation of five trilithons each consisted of a pair of large stone uprights supporting a stone lintel. Sarsen stones up to 30 feet long and 50 tons in weight. Visible surfaces dressed smooth by pounding with stone hammers same technique used to form mortise and tenon dovetail joints lintels are held on their uprights used to form tongue and groove joints when lintels of circle fit together. Lintels are not rectangular being curved to produce all together a circle. Pillars are tapered upward. In second phase of Stonehenge III about 20 bluestones from Stonehenge II dressed and erected in an oval setting within the sarsen horseshoe.

2000 bc: Rise Of Amorite Dynasty - of Hammurabi.

2000 bc: South America - Caral City - largest recorded site in Andean region dating older than 2000 bc appears to be a model for urban designs adopted by Andean Civilizations.

Aramaean Ancestry - appears to be traced to Hebrew Ancestry in a broad and specific sense.

Term Hebrew or Ibri - meaning to go over or to go across meaning a Hebrew would be one who crossed over or one who went from place to place as a nomad or a wanderer.

20th cent bc: Hebrew - Habiru - in cuneiform documents from 20th to 11th centuries bc used interchangeably with another word Sa Gaz. At times Habiru tribes appear settled in specific locations at times they serve in armies as mercenaries or are bound to masters as servants.

2nd mill bc: Rise Of Assyrians - Old capital of Ashur located in south of the country. Splitting from Hebrew Tribes of Asher and Asher then building Ashur the City.

2nd mill bc: Cimmerians Ousted By Invading Scythians - second half of 2nd millennium bc. Several centuries separates from appearance of Historic Cimmerians in Asia.

2nd mill bc: Akkadian Term Amurru - referred to an Ethnic Group also to a Language Script a Geographic Place and a Political Unit.

2nd mill bc: Marduk City God Of Babylon - capital of southern Mesopotamia or Babylonia from early 2nd millennium to early 1st millennium bc. Temple Of Marduk City God Of Babylon.

Marduk - apal iddina II - Merodach Baladan Old Testament - Chieftain of Chaldean Tribes in marshes of southern Babylonia description of victory over invading Assyrian armies writing on a clay cylinder deposited in City of Uruk Biblical Erech Tall al Warka.

Marduk Born in a Temple - darling of grandfather God of Heaven Anu Marduk created Heavens and Earth. The god of 50 names each one of a deity or of a divine attribute. After conquering the monster of primeval chaos Tiamat he became King of the Gods of Heaven and Earth. All nature including Man owed its existence to him the destiny of Kingdoms and subjects was in his hands.

Marduk Assumed Leadership - of Babylonian Pantheon during Battle With Tiamat slaying the dragon and creating a New World of Order. After creation of Heaven and Earth from the body of Tiamat slain by Marduk. Rise of Marduk to Rulership over the gods is underlying theme of the epic. As part of his Organization of the Universe Mankind was created from blood of Kingu the cohort of Tiamat. Babylon established as Marduk's City.

Large Scale Migrations Of Tribes - beginning of millennium large scale migration of great Tribal Federations from Arabia.

Fall Of Babylon Resulted In Occupation - by Mid Euphrates region and Syria Palestine. Small Kingdoms rapidly assimilated an Akkadian culture connected with Amorites.

2nd mill bc: Demise of Sumerians - 1st centuries of 2nd mill bc witnessed demise of Sumerian's and Sumerian as a spoken language. Its replacement was back to Akkadian.

The Chariot Of The Hebrews - and The Horsemen thereof. Elisha Said To Him Take The Bow and Arrows. He Took To Him The Bow and The Arrows. He Said To The King Of Hebrews Put thine hand upon The Bow. He Put His Hand Upon It and Elisha put his hands upon the King's hands. He Said Open The Window Eastward he opened it. Then Elisha Said Shoot. He shot. He Said The Arrow Of God's Deliverance. The Arrow Of Deliverance for Summerians For Thou Shalt Smite The Sumerians In Aphek till thou have consumed them.

2000 bc: Scythians - 4000 years old mummies found of Scythian Men Women and Children.

1991 bc: Reunification of The Country - under 12th Dynasty 1991–1786.

1986 bc: 11th Egyptian Dynasty - 1986 - 1937 bc

1980 bc: 11th Egyptian Dynasty - Thebes by late 11th Dynasty 1980 bc Re was associated with Amon or Ammon as Amon Re or Ra who was for more than a millennium the principal god of the pantheon the King of the Gods and the patron of Kings.

1938 bc: 12th Egyptian Dynasty - reemergence in The Theban Middle Kingdom 12th Dynasty 1938–1756 bc.

1937 bc: 12th Egyptian Dynasty - 1937 - 1759 bc

1900 bc: India - Indus Valley - serious flooding inundated lowlands a devastating Earthquake and or a nuclear blast caused Indus river to change bed existing coastline and seaports sank under the sea moved coast inland more than 50 miles finally brought Indus Valley Civilization to an end with an Aryan Invasion by Brahm or Aryans or Devas.

1900 bc: New Conquerors - imposed unity over Fertile Crescent. Semitic speaking invaders from Arabian Desert entered southern Mesopotamia capturing City State of Babylon.

1900 bc: Amorites - the Akkadians' Cultural Heritage adopted by Sumerians' and successors Amorites a western Semitic Tribe that conquered all of Mesopotamia by about 1900 bc.

18th cent bc: Proto Canaanite Alphabet - Hebrew - Phoenician Alphabet developed from proto Canaanite Alphabet between 18th and 17th centuries bc. Phoenician alphabet consists of 22 letters many have a number of different forms and does not indicate vowel sounds names of the letter or symbol are same as Hebrew.

Hebrews and Akkadians - had one of the first systems of writing earliest known codes of law development of City States invention of the potter's wheel sailboat seed plow creation of literary musical and architectural forms that influenced all Western Civilizations.

18th cent bc: Hyksos - rise to power of a warlike People established themselves as master of the Levant and swept down into Egypt. These were the Hyksos.

1850 bc: Babylon's Rise To Political Prominence - area divided into two countries Sumer in the southeast and Akkad in the northwest.

1800 bc: Ashur - before this time an Akkadian and Assyrian City then taken by Sumerians. Then the City retaken back by Akkadians and Assyrians in the time of Sargon I.

1800 bc: Hittites - entered Cappadocia - Peoples of Indo European connection. Taurus and Cilicia were the Luites relatives of Hittites to southeast in the Upper Euphrates the Hurrians or Khurrites. Hittites then occupied the Khatti or Hatti lands. Hittite names on tablets written by Assyrian colonists at Kültepe or Kanesh Hittites occupied aboriginal inhabitants were the Khatti or Hatti. Hittite names appear on tablets written by Assyrian colonists at Kültepe Kanesh in Cappadocia.

1800 bc: Druids - from Mesopotamia travel to Breton.

1800 bc: Breton - Culture of Barat Anna - travel to Breton made settlements on west coast as far north Shetland built collective chamber tombs Maeshowe in Orkney Britain. Settlement at Skara Brae Orkney a cluster of seven self contained huts connected by covered galleries or alleys.

1800 bc: Onward - appear strong tendencies by Summerian scribes to identify Ashur as a Sumerian - ie: Enlil - taken from the Akkadian - Anu instead of originating from the Hebrew Akkadian tribes.

1800 bc: Egyptian Empire Falls - apart.

17th cent bc: New Ethnic Groups Appeared - in both Babylonia Syria Palestine Kassites from Zagros Mountains Hurrians from Armenia and Indo Europeans from Central Asia.

This Period Marks The End Of The Formative Phase - of Mesopotamian Civilization.

1792 bc: Rise To Power Of Hammurabi - 1792 -1750 bc sixth King of 1st Dynasty of Babylon forged coalitions between separate City States promoted science scholarships a Code of Law.

1792 bc: Reign Of Hammurabi - Lists Of Assyrian Eponymous Years names based on dignitaries.

1792 bc: Babylonian and Assyrian Periods - reign of Hammurabi 1792–1750 bc to 6th century bc. 42 years

Lists of Date Formulas and Year Names - from Hammurabi's reign and from that of his son Samsuiluna.

Babylonian King lists - from Hammurabi through the Kassite era and Assyrian domination of Babylon to 1792- bc.

1790 bc: King Hammurabi - conquered other cities and states in Tigris Euphrates valley formed Babylonian Empire built upon the conquered Sumerian culture. Hammurabi recorded Babylonian Laws and Customs. The Code Of Hammurabi 1st major collection of Laws in History.

Code of Hammurbi - Principle Of An Eye For An Eye - demanding severe punishment for crimes bribery theft dishonest weights and measures and damage to another's property division of classes provide harsher punishment for an offense against a noble or priest than for the same offense against a common person

Fair Treatment Of Women - permitting Women to own property engage in business the Law Code strictly regulated behavior of Women expecting a Woman to remain in husband's home dependent on him. A husband had a legal duty to support his wife gave a father near unlimited authority over children. Babylonians believed an orderly household headed by strong father necessary for a stable Empire. Advanced Business Society establishing regulations for protecting property business contracts limiting interest on loans setting wages for workers.

Hammurabi United The Empire - improved irrigation organized a well trained army temples repaired promoted chief Babylonian god Marduk over the recently defeated Sumerians and their gods.

1759: Second Egyptian Intermediate Period - 13th - 17th Dynasties - 1759 bc - 1539 bc.

1750 bc: Great Diorite Stela - of Hammurabi showing retardation and recrudescence.

1750 bc: Hammurabi's death - afterwards the Babylonian Empire went into decline.

Assyrian Laws Found - on clay tablets at City of Ashur from time of Tiglath Pileser I.

1720 bc: Hyksos or Shepherd Kings - rise to power of a warlike People established themselves swept down into Egypt controlled the region for around 150 years from around 1720 to 1570 bc. Hyksos introduced horse for war an advantage in battle with horse drawn chariot and composite bow using a type of rectangular fortification of beaten Earth used as a fortress mounds at Jericho Shechem and Lachish introduction into Egypt of Asian artifacts.

Hyksos or Shepherd Kings - from names of their gods possibly were Canaanite. Hyksos controlled the region for about 150 years from 1720 to 1570 bc.

1720 bc: Phoenician Trade Interrupted - by rise to power in Egypt of the Hyksos.

1700 bc: Egypt Overwhelmed By Asian Hyksos - who ruled for century and a half.

1700 bc: Babylonian Empire Overthrown - by new invaders 1st by Hittites then by Assyrians.

Scythians Allied With Hebrew Assyrians - against Media Babylonia Egypt and other Nations attacking into Northern Egypt. Beth shan in North Eastern Hebrew Lands were called temporarily Scythopolis indicating a period of Scythian occupation. Samuel 31:11,12

1700 bc: End of Indus Valley Civilisation - decline of Indus Valley Civilization through cataclysm that shifted courses of major rivers of the valley necessary for agricultural lands. Indo Aryan Peoples immigrating into the Indian subcontinent through northwestern mountain passes settling in Punjab and Ganges valley. Indo Aryans developed a Brahmanic Civilization Veda that Hinduism evolved with the Aryan language spreading throughout.

1700 bc: Babylonian Empire Overthrown - by new invaders called Hittites

1630 bc: Historical Records Cease - period of no writings due to Hyksos Kings 1630–1523 bc.

1625 bc: Sam Suditana - last King of 1st Dynasty of Babylon - Reigned 1625 - 1595 bc

16th cent bc: Aramaeans - Old Testament Aramaeans close kin to Hebrews living in northern Syria around Harran from 16th century bc. Aramaeans mentioned in Assyrian records as freebooters.

16th cent bc: Phoenicia - history of Phoenicians is entwined with history of other Peoples the ancient Egyptians Urban population living in a string of coastal towns and a heavily forested mountainous hinterland. Coastal towns grew into cities then City states. Phoenician City states Ugarit Aradus Tripoli Batrun Byblos Beirut Sidon and Tyre. Each coastal City was an independent Kingdom had an elected council of elders to check power of the King these councils an example of Democracy in History. Common interests made cities form a Phoenician Federation under leadership of one of its cities. 16th century bc Ugarit headed Federation Byblos 14th Sidon 12th Tyre in 11th to 9th and Tripoli in 5th cent bc.

Phoenician Alphabet - primarily on papyrus. Phoenicians needed a simple alphabet for keeping records replaced cumbersome cuneiform alphabet of 550 characters a phonetic alphabet based on sounds consisting of 22 letters. City of Byblos gave name to the Bible. Byblos word for paprus lead to biblion or book that lead to Bible Gebel a Semitic name for City Byblos.spread 22 letter of 22 consonants Phoenician alphabet similar to Hebrew Arabic and Syriac script spread throughout eastern mediterranean areas though little is discovered of Phoenician written records what is known is from records by Greek and Roman Historians.

Tyrian Princess Europa - gave name to Europe - Phoenicians built Temple of Solomon mined tin in Cornwall Breton masters of navigation Phoenician ships of cedar ruled the seas 1st People to sail past Pillars of Hercules discovered Atlantic using North Star founded colonies in Mediterranean Cyprus Rhodes Crete Malta Sicily Sardinia Marseilles Cadiz Carthage their ships circumnavigated Africa Phoenician inscriptions found in Brazil established trade routes to Europe Breton Africa Asia and Australia. Phoenix son of Agenor King of Tyre. Producing textiles carving ivory metals stone wood making glass not aiming at conquest prefering uniting of races of Men using friendly links of mutual advantage mutual dependence. Intelligent shrewd cunning proud mysterious intensely religious mentioned in Egyptian and Mesopotamian records. Phenicia or Phoenicia from Greek phoinix means both a palm with intended meaning of The Land of Palm Trees as palm trees found through the area palms pictured on ancient Phoenician coins.

1600 bc: Old Hittite Kingdom - 1600–1400 bc. Hittites tried to invade Babylonia halted by Egypt and Mitanni.

1600 bc: Mesopotamia and Egypt - oldest known urban and literate Culture in the World developed by the Akkadians in Mesopotamia beginning in late 4th millennium bc.

1600 bc: End Of Amorite Rule - Babylon became political and commercial centre of Tigris Euphrates area Babylonia became a great Empire encompassing all southern Mesopotamia and part of Assyria to north.

15th cent bc: 18th Egyptian Dynasty - Golden Age of Historical Recording Began - by central rulers of 18th Dynasty Thutmose III and Amenhotep II and III. Thutmose's annals on walls of Temple of Karnak describe 20 years of ceaseless military activity in Asia 16 campaigns in all are supplemented by Stelae from Armant in Upper Egypt and Gebel Barkal near Fourth Cataract as well as by lists of conquered lands at Karnak. Similar material continued in Reigns of Amenhotep II and III in the latter's case supplemented by cuneiform correspondence with foreign powers Mitanni Arzawa

1595 bc: Hittite Invaders - Mursil I unseated Babylonian King Samsuditana allowing Kassites from the mountains east of Babylonia to assume power and establish a Dynasty lasted 400 years.

1570 bc: End Of Hyksos Rule Over Egypt - Hyksos rule broken by a Theban Prince Ahmose who drove the invaders out of Egypt started Empire building over next few hundred years Egyptian Empire included Lebanon reached to the Euphrates.

1550 bc: Late Bronze Ages 1550 - 1200 bc - pottery dating from Late Bronze Age.

1539 bc: 18th Egyptian Dynasty - 1539 - 1295 bc -

1523 bc: Overthrow Of The Hyksos - by Ahmose

1500 bc: Scythians among earliest Peoples to fight and hunt on horseback also Hittites Assyrians and Babylonians the Hyksos and Shepherd Kings introduced horses into Egypt and rode them in all their wars they fought.

1500 bc: Some Royal Scythian Tribes Emigrate - wearing tartans move south and west from Rhine Valley merging with Celtic tribes moving to Gaul then Breton Isles as Battle Ax Culture merging with Picts Scots Irish Welsh that use tartans scythes and battle ax.

14th cent bc: The Law from God - then to Moses. Eye for Eye the Principle of The Akkadian Laws.

14th cent bc: Phoenician Federation - under leadership of One headed the federation Byblos:

14th cent bc: Hittites - Empire of Hyksos Declines - in the north a New World Power emerged the Hittites a People of Indo European connection.

14th cent bc: Old Aramaic from Syria and Mesopotamia - 14th century bc through 15th century ad. Introduction of Aramaic language in Mesopotamia.

14th cent bc: Egyptian Empire Decline - in the north a new World power emerged the Hittites.

1479 bc: Barbarian Domination - Queen Hatshepsut's 1479–58 bc Temple inscription Istabl Antar in Middle Egypt.

1450 bc: Pharaoh Tuthmosis III reigns - in Egypt..

1400 bc: Hittite Empire - followed the Old Kingdom with capital at Bogazköy also called Hattusas chief power and cultural force in western Asia from 1400 to 1200 bc.

1400 bc: Assyrians Broke Away From Babylonian Control - developed an Independent Empire threatening Kassite Dynasty in Babylon on a few occasions temporarily gaining control.

13th cent bc: Hebrew Tribes Entered Palestine - before end of Late Bronze Age - did not become firmly established until early decades of 12th century. Their numbers increased greatly during settling of Canaan by seminomadic Hebrew Tribes already in Palestine as well as by many settled Canaanites the Gibeonites who joined the invaders against their sedentary neighbours.

Hebrews Building - amid ruins of older settlements into new settlements that sprang up rapidly all through the hill country. Resurgent Canaanites had not been driven from the Coastal Plain.

13th cent bc: The Word Hebrew - may be related to nomadic Habiru Peoples recorded in Egyptian inscriptions 13th to 12th centuries bc that settled in Egypt.

13th cent bc: Hebrew Spoken and Written - from 13th century bc to 2nd century ad spread all over the World as a written Language.

13th cent bc: Both Egyptian and Hittite Powers - on the decline.

13th cent bc: Moabites in conflict with The Children of The Hebrews from 13th century.

13th cent bc: Kir Hareseth - town's name 1st mentioned in Islamic chronicles of 13th century.

13th cent bc: Fall Of Troy - surviving Trojan Aeneas and descendants continued to rule remains of Troy.

13th cent bc: First Olympic Games. the Games believed to go back to 13th century bc or before no older written record survives.

13th cent bc: Sea Peoples - groups of aggressive Seafarers who invaded eastern Anatolia Syria Palestine Cyprus and Egypt. Toward end of Bronze Age Sea Peoples invade Middle Eastern areas especially in 13th century bc.

1380 bc: Supiluliumash - Hittite mentioned in the Tel el Amarna letters.

1335 bc: Mursilish II - Hittite Empire.

1332-1323 bc: Tutankhamen - Records of Akhnaton's short lived son in Law Tutankhamen at Thebes 1332–23 bc. talks of heresy. He was soon put in front of a Military charge by the Warlord General Horenheb and killed with the 1st arrow at 17 years old. Tutankhamen's successor the Warlord Pharaoh Horemheb left boastful accounts of foreign conquest that sound suspiciously grandiose though not recorded reality.

1300 bc: Hittite Empire - Hittite King Hattusilish III - a loose confederation started to break up under invasions of Thracians Phrygians and Assyrians from 1300 bc small states arose with Carchemish becoming a City.

1300 bc: Invasions of Thracians Phrygians and Assyrians.

1300 bc: Hattusilish III Hittite Empire a loose confederation started to break up after invasions by Thracians hrygians and Assyrians. Several small states arose with Carchemish becoming an outstanding City.

1300 bc: Hebrew - associated with word Hiberu - found in writing sent to Egypt by One small State that Egypt had left behind when it withdrew from The Land in the 1300's bc.

1300s bc: Hebrew States Conquered - by arrival of nomadic tribes that came in waves across generations. Hiberu meant outsider might have referred to a great variety of migrants.

12th cent bc: Great Invasion Of Sea Peoples - Plain of Esdraelon scattered Hebrew clans. In time of Ramses III early decades 12th century bc. Among invaders from Aegean basin were Philistines who conquered much of the region within a century and a half after settlement in The Southern Coastal Plain.

In The South The Moabites - east of Dead Sea and Ammonites on edge of The Desert east of Gilead. Philistines Ammonites and all Peoples Are Considered by Hebrews as fellow Hebrews. The Peoples began to settle down before Hebrews invasion remained polytheists until end of Old Testament period.

Philistines and Peleset - used as garrison troops and mercenaries by Ramses III and other Peoples east of Jordan River Edomites in the south the Moabites east of Dead Sea and Ammonites on edge of Syrian Desert east of Gilead.

12th cent bc: Phoenician Federation - under leadership of One headed the Federation in Sidon in 12th century bc.

1299 bc: Battle of Kadesh - against Hittites ended in a stalemate given coverage as a triumph on Temple walls at Karnak Abydos and Abu Simbel.

1295 bc: 19th Egyptian Dynasty - 1295 - 1186 bc - Seti I

1292 bc: Seti I - 19th Dynasty - 1292–1190 bc Seti I went to war against the Syrians Hittites and Libyans letting the World know about it on the walls of Karnak. He was No Match for his son Ramses II - who usurped monuments of others and covered unprecedented amounts of wall space with his own real or inflated exploits.

1290 bc: Building of Pithom and Raamses - Seti I and Rameses II worked at rebuilding these cities Rameses is best candidate for Pharaoh of the Exodus 1290-1224 bc.

1235 bc: Babylon Conquered by Assyrians - Tukulti Ninurta - 1235-1198 bc Assyria conquest of Babylon. .

1224 bc: Merneptah - under Ramses successor Merneptah - Merneptah ruled from around 1224 to 1211 Merneptah withdrew his troops from frontiers facing Canaan in preparation for a war developing on western border.

1200 bc: Phoenicians - came from Arabian Peninsula. 'Phoenician means red haired. Phoenicians and Carthaginians expanded all across North Africa and western Europe.

1200 bc: Breakdown of Aegean Civilization.

1200 bc: Many Civilizations Disrupted - by the great migrations around 1200 bc.

1200 bc: Sea Peoples - invade Lebanon Egypt and Africa - some Sea Peoples stayed with Caanaans introducing a more sophisticated maritime technology. Phoenicians appeared with an established maritime tradition and technology to build ships with a keeled hull.

1200 bc: Hittite Empire Falls - start of the Iron Age - with onslaught of Sea Peoples collapse of Hittite Empire with disintegration of Mycenaean power and destruction of great coastal cities of Ugarit Aradus and Sidon

1200 bc: Phoenicians - Lebanon - early settlers from Arabian Peninsula established cities at Beirut Byblos Tyre Sidon Baalbek Biblos. Phoenician vessels of gold silver obsidian sandals breastplates of gold an array of Royal paraphernalia found with inscription in Phoenician alphabet on sarcophagus: This coffin made by Ithobaal son of Ahiram King of Byplos as eternal resting place for his father if any ruler or governor or general attacks Byblos and touches this coffin his sceptre will be broken. Europa the beautiful daughter of Phoenician King of Tyre Agenor. Phoenician means red haired. Phoenicians and Carthaginians expanded across North Africa and western Europe. Carthaginian descendants are called Celtiberians who sailed from Spain creating colonies in Breton Isles where they are called Celts by archaeologists. Phoenicians main cities were on coasts of now Israel Lebanon and Syria sailed into Mediterranean Seas to conduct trade and establish colonies. Phoenicians were neighbours of Hebrews and were also a Semitic tribe. Tyrians became main agents spreading metals copper tin bronze iron gold silver.

1200 bc: Phoenicians Obtained Symbols - when in Australia that in time became a real alphabet Phoenician alphabet consisted of 22 symbols all consonants each symbol represented its own sound. Caanite writing system contained 22 symbols or letters developing into Phoenician alphabet. Phoenician coins found all over Australia.

1200 bc: Great Migrations - pushed against the Assyrians and overran Asia Minor and the Hittites.

1200 bc: Sea Peoples - seafaring People the Sea Peoples threatened Egypt during reign of Pharaoh Merneptah while warring with the Kingdom on Egypt's western border. Egypt under Merneptah drove off the Sea People.

1200 bc: Hebrew Canaanite & Phoenician History - between 1200 bc and 900 bc no major military power in Mesopotamia smaller states like Phoenicia and Hebrew Kingdoms traded throughout Mediterranean region again.

1200 bc: Stela of Hammurabi - originally set up in a Babylonian population centre for the literate to read and know their rights. An Elamite invader carried it off to Susa 1200 bc where it was found in 1901 and removed to the Louvre in Paris. Bulk of Stela Contains - text of The Code partly erased with clay tablet versions of the same Laws. Top depicts the King in a worshipful pose - receiving the laws from the sun god Shamash. Hammurabi - sixth of 11 Kings of the Old Babylonian or Amorite Dynasty - a practical codifier rather than a revelatory mediator of Law. His Code an effort to fuse - ancient inheritance of Assyrian Jurisprudence and Semitic Talion Law of punishment according to eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth concept called The Law from God then to 14th cent bc Moses also the Principle of The Akkadian Laws. Code of Hammurabi Constitutes - the first great Legal monument in the History of Mankind.

Later Assyrian Laws - moving away from the Sumerian Civilization Laws both are harsher and more primitive Laws.

11th cent bc: Phoenician Federation - under leadership of One headed the Federation in Tyre in 11th to 9th century bc Tyre the chief City of Phoenicia

11th cent bc: North Semitic Alphabet - early fully developed alphabetic writing system used in Syria mother language either directly or indirectly to all subsequent alphabetic scripts with possible exceptions of scripts classified South Semitic eg: Ethiopic Sabaean or Aryan. Related to earlier writing systems in Aryan Canaanite and Sinaitic inscriptions North Semitic gave rise to Phoenician and Aramaic alphabets that European Semitic and Indian alphabets developed from. North Semitic had 22 letters all representing consonants written from right to left characteristics are typical of most of Semitic alphabets Hebrew and Arabic.

Aramaeans - Aramaic Language - Semitic language of Northern Central or Northwestern group originally spoken by ancient Middle Eastern Peoples known as Aramaeans. Aramaic Derived from Phoenician Alphabet closely related to Hebrew Syrian written in a script derived from Phoenician alphabet.

11th cent bc: Aramaic - 1st appeared among Aramaeans late 11th century bc.

Under Joshua - and other military leaders many remaining Hebrew tribes leave Autralia return to Africa and Middle Eastern Territories Semitic tribes capturing Jericho then land of Canaan and Middle Eastern territories.. Surrounded by local aggressive military groups Hebrew tribes required strong leadership elected King Saul who ruled the tribes.

11th cent bc: Hebrew Confederacy - period of Samuel Saul David - Gad Nathan and Elijah 11th-10th cent bc Hebrews threatened by various local enemies. Egypt Assyria Hittite Empire involved in domestic crises or with other areas.

11th cent bc: King Saul of The Hebrews in 11th century fought against Moabites

King Saul Granted Asylum - to family of young rebel and future King David who fought against the Moabites forced them to pay heavy tribute David's great grandmother Ruth was a Moabite.

Philistines - Peoples Conspiring To Break Up The Hebrew Confederacy - the Philistines the Sea Peoples of Mediterranean coast proved to be most dangerous. Expanding eastward with iron weapons equipped armies Philistines threatened commercial routes running north and south through Hebrew territories. Captured and controlled areas as Valley of Jezreel

Eventually Philistines - strangled the economic life of The Hebrew Confederacy.

1195 bc: End Of Kassite Rule - religion and literature flourished in Babylonia most important literary work of period Enuma Elish Babylonian epic of creation.

1190 bc: Sea Peoples - in 20th Dynasty - 1190–1075 bc incursions of Sea Peoples.

1186 bc: 20th Egyptian Dynasty - 1186 - 1069 bc.

1184 Fall Of Troy By Greek Invasion - Beware of Greeks bearing gifts is rumoured.

1177 bc: Merneptah's died - his successor was Ramses III

1177 bc: Ramses III - in 8th year of reign of Ramses III more raids came by the sea Ramses III repelled sea invaders boasted of re-establishing Egyptian rule through Canaan as far north as Plain of Jezreel. Records of Ramses III detailed the Crisis and increasing accumulation of wealth and power in religious establishment.

1157 bc: Elam Grew Powerful - conquered most of Babylonia the Kassite Dynasty falls.

1124 bc: Nebuchadrezzar I - reigned 1124 -1103 bc defeated Elam fought off Assyrian advances.

1124 bc: Nebuchadrezzar I - Enuma elish dating from reign of Nebuchadrezzar I 1124 - 1103 bc relates Marduk's rise to preeminence.

1123 bc: A Series Of Wars - a new line of Babylonian Kings 2nd Dynasty of City of Isin established.

1116 bc: Tiglat Pileser - 1116-1090 bc - extended Assyrian dominance to Syria and Armenia.

1115 bc: Tiglath Pileser I - reigned 1115–1077 bc.

1115 bc: Old Assyrian Period - extensive in reign of Tiglath Pileser I 1115–1077 bc

1110 bc: Gades - or Cádiz earliest known Phoenician trading post in Spain founded

1103 bc: Nebuchadrezzar I died - reigned 1124 -1103 bc - centuries following Nebuchadrezzar I's rule a three way struggle between Assyrians Aramean and Chaldeans for control of Babylonia.

1100 bc: Ramses XI - ruled from 1100 to 1085 Egyptian domination of Canaan again ended along the southern coast of Canaan in towns Ashkelon Ashdod Gath and Gaza. Possible the Sea Peoples who had been driven from Egypt were to become known as Philistines from the word Palestine is derived.

Philistines - literate People with a language spoken in Crete Cyprus southwestern portion of Asia Minor called Caria the script of the language similar to script of Mycenaean Greeks whose Civilization among those disrupted by great migrations around 1200 bc. Some speculate Philistines were Greeks fleeing from the invasions that ended Mycenaean Civilizations. In Canaan the Philistines mixed and intermarried with Canaanites adopted the Canaanite language melded religion with Canaanite religion gave to their gods names of Canaanite gods.

Two Caanite gods Ba'al and El - El described on Canaanite tablets as creator majestic father and King of gods and Men. Ba'al was his son and god of life and fertility in continual combat with Mot god of death and sterility. Ba'al was a god of The Mountains where rainstorms began rode clouds brought rain worshipers of Ba'al saw him dying when dry season came vegetation disappeared resurrected during rainy season when vegetation reappeared. In coastal cities Philistines maintained cohesion as a People

Hebrews Remained Scattered - in inland hills resisting attacks by camel riding nomads from east. Philistines attempted to expand against them forcing Hebrew tribe of Dan to leave foothills and to exiled to the north.

Legendary Leader from Tribe of Dan - fought Philistines is Samson as a Nazirite. Nazirites originally a Canaanite tribe now a movement of holy Men who worship God. Nazirites engaged in ecstatic frenzies abstaining from wine strong drink and cutting their hair. Nazirites were zealous if they were strong enough they were inclined to take the lead in combating People they detested they detested the Philistines for having refused circumcision.

Samson leader in fight against Philistines - had a weakness for Philistine Women describes Samson as burning Philistine crops killing a thousand Philistines in a place called Ramathlehi means hill of the jawbone the place Samson killed Philistines with jawbone of a donkey. Philistine Woman Delilah learned from Samson he was a Nazirite that if his hair was cut he would lose his strength as Samson slept Delilah cut his hair a lesson about dangers of foreign Women.

Having lost his strength - Philistines overpowered Samson gouged out his eyes took Samson to Gaza bound in chains put to work as a grinder. Hair grew back when Philistine lords assembled had Samson brought to them so they could look upon him with amusement. Watching from the roof of the building were 3000 Philistine Men and Women. Philistines put Samson between two pillars. Samson pushed on the pillars bringing the roof down killing himself and all Philistines in and on the building. Hebrews disrupted Philistine caravans bringing goods from the desert Philistines established military outposts between their cities and hills occupied by Hebrews.

10th cent bc: David created a Hebrew Kingdom. economic progress made as Hebrew tribes and Peoples began trading with neighboring states new cities Jerusalem built by David to honor God. King Hiram of Tyre sent trade mission to David provided cedar logs stonemasons and carpenters to build a Palace and Temple to God

1070 bc: 21st Egyptian Dynasty - 1070 - 945 bc

1060 bc: King David - born - 1060 bc

1050 bc: Hebrews Combined Forces - confronted an army of Philistines near Philistine outpost at Aphek Philistines with iron weapons and horse drawn chariots Hebrews riding into battle on donkeys the Hebrews lost the battle. Hebrew elders wondered why God had allowed this they sent for The Ark of the Covenant proclaiming it would deliver us from the power of our enemies. The Ark came to the camp of the Hebrews who were defeated again. Philistines captured The Ark took it to their City of Ashdod this angered God he ravaged and smote Philistines of Ashdod and territories with tumors.

After The Hebrews Had Lost Two Battles - another Nazirite rose as leader. Samuel a Holy Man an oracle and soothsayer. Samuel's military units remained outside Philistine control. Samuel at urging of Hebrew elders arranged the making of a Monarch for the Hebrews a warrior King to better Unite the Hebrews. They chose Saul a leader in politics and religion. Saul's Kingship a common form of rule of Kingship for Hebrews is an Institution.

Saul named one of his sons Eshbaal - meaning Ba'al exists another son named Meribaal meaning Ba'al rewards one of Saul's Benjamite clansmen was Bealiah that meant Yahweh is Ba'al.

Saul successfully engaged Philistines - in three battles followed by Philistines withdrawing garrisons from around Hebrew territory. Saul named David a shepherd boy attached to Saul's court as a Musician and shield bearer. A Philistine named Goliath challenged Saul's army Goliath six cubits or 9 feet tall. David alone unafraid of Goliath took the challenge and slew Goliath. David rose in standing as a warrior in further warfare exceeding that of Saul.

When David Returned From Killing The Philistines - Women came out of all the cities of Hebrews singing and dancing to meet King Saul with tambourines with joy with musical instruments Women sang as they played and said Saul has killed thousands and David tens of thousands.

King Saul Jealous of David - tried to kill him. David fled from Saul and his agents to a cave in the southern wilderness near Hebron. David gathered a band of adventurers and debtors. Married to Saul's daughter took another wife daughter of a local wealthy herdsman brought local support David allied with Philistine King of Gath Achish.

Battle at Mount Gilboa - overlooking Plain of Jezreel Philistines lured Saul and army down from the high ground Philistines with chariots horsemen and Canaanite allies overwhelmed Saul's forces. In the battle three of Saul's sons were killed and rather than be taken prisoner Saul fell on his sword. When Philistines found Saul they cut off his head posted it for display in the temple of their god Dagon fastened his body to the wall at the town of Beth shan Philistines took possession of the greater part of Canaan.

Saul Succeeded By Fourth Son Eshbaal - who ruled over territory greatly reduced in size by Philistines. War between the forces of David and those of Eshbaal ended with Eshbaal dead and David anointed priest King in place of Eshbaal. From Hebron David and his army ventured out to make his rule over Hebrews a reality. David captured Amorite town of Jerusalem and various other towns. Philistines heard David had been anointed King of Hebrews Philistines turned against him. David triumphed in war against Philistines succeeding where Saul failed by force of arms David expanded rule great powers of Assyria and Egypt were too preoccupied to challenge his expansion.

1030 bc: Coalitions of Southern Aramaeans - led by Hadadezer King of Zobah in league with Ammonites Edomites and Aramaeans of Mesopotamia attacked Israel. Defeated by King David.

1020 bc: King Saul - King of all Hebrews - attempts made at Rule Saul became King of all Hebrews 1020 bc.

Saul Defeated Ammonites - and the Philistines.

1008 bc: Anointing of King David as King of the Hebrews

1000 bc: An Ancient North African Alphabet - in use

1000 bc: Phoenicia - peak of Phoenician Culture established trading colonies in Cyprus Sicily Sardinia Africa Spain.

1000 bc: Eastern Mediterranean Shore Settled - by various Semitic Populations including Phoenicians.

1000 bc: Saul Died In Battle - against the Philistines.

1000 bc: David - around the time that David acquired power conquering Edom or Petra - lands extending south to Red Sea copper and iron mines.

David Conquered Moab - rich with cattle conquered Ammon and northward to Damascus beyond Euphrates River that bordered Assyrian Empire took booty demanded tribute.

David's Rule - David's subjects prostrated themselves in his presence. Like conquerors before him he claimed to be the agent of God. David called himself The Son of God. Ruled in great splendor including a great harem. In addition to Saul's daughter and wife taken while at Hebron took wives from conquered territories to bind his Empire together he took Bathsheba wife of a local neo Hittite soon Bathsheba was mother of David's son named Solomon.

David Bringing to Jerusalem The Ark of The Covenant - proclaiming his intention to build in Jerusalem a Temple to house The Ark connected to worship of God. David like Saul appears close to worship of God. He gave one of his sons Beeliada a Canaanite name. His leaping and dancing before God with music accompaniment. Polytheistic outlooks no evidence exits that David Saul or others influenced by other religions knew of The Commandment given to Moses that You shall have No other gods before Me.

At David's Court - were a variety of Peoples from Crete Philistines neo Hittites. Beyond the Royal Court more genetic blending was taking place. Many Hebrews were already a mixture of various Peoples they were becoming more of a mix. During David's rule after non Hebrews among them Amorites were absorbed by the Hebrews like Ubaidians and Akkadians Amorites were to vanish as an identifiable Peoples or races.

David Created a Golden Age for Hebrews - benefited from wealth taken from conquered Peoples. Hebrews benefited as had Egypt and Hammurabi's Babylon from Peace created by conquest it was a golden age like other Civilizations antagonisms between rich and poor. Similar to all other rulers David taxed subjects requested them to labor for the State. Each worker paid 3 Shekels a day according to Shekel of The Sanctuary recorded. A shekel was worth 20 Garahs with a 5% tax rate. Dissident agents working for alien flight gods rebelled influencing discontented subjects led by his son Absalom a messenger reporting to David that the hearts of the Men of Hebrews are with Absalom. David crushed the rebellion and the life of Absalom continuing The Works for The Event or what is called Precession of the Euinox that was looming at the time when David died Solomon continued the unfinished Works..

1st mill bc: Writing System in Middle East - late - derived from North Semitic script.

1st mill bc: Moabite - and kindred dialects in Transjordan in 1st millennium bc. Moab is described as a South Land.

1st mill bc: Scythian Celtic Interaction - during second half 1st millennium bc area of Europe north of Mediterranean shared two related cultures that used a scythe or celt for crop cultivation and also for war.

From Breton Isles - to headwaters of Danube to eastern fringe of the Alps existed as Hallstatt Celtic Culture later La Tène Celtic Culture Battle Ax Culture Scythians wearing tartans tatooes spread to Picts Scots Irish Welsh Histories..

Further East - occupying a vast area of Eastern Europe the Scythic Culture suited to grasslands than mountain or forests. Both Tribes Provided Social Reform the two groups freely intermarried.

Celtic and Scythian Cultures - interacted with each other. Each was adapted to the geography of its own region the Peoples interacted as if they shared an ancestry. Both groups used the scythe also called a celt in battle

Sites of Celtic and Scythian Cultures - close connection of the two Peoples who worked with each other in cartels

1st mill bc: Aramaeans - vigorous traders extensive travellers in 1st millennium bc.

1st mill bc: Hebrew Assyrian Scythian Celtic interaction - during second half of 1st millennium bc the area of Europe north of the Mediterranean shared two related cultures that used a scythe (Scythians) or celt (Celts) or sickle (Hebrews) for crop cultivation and also for war.

From headwaters of the Danube to eastern fringe of the Alps existed as the Hallstatt Celtic culture and later the La Tène Celtic Culture and Battle Ax Culture that migrated to the Breton Isles.

Occupying a vast area of Eastern Europe Scythic Culture suited to grasslands than mountain or forests. Both Tribes Provided Social Reform - the groups freely intermarried.

Hebrew Assyrian Scythian Cultures and Celtic Cultures - interacted with each other. Each adapted to the geography of the region the Peoples interacted as if they shared an Common Ancestry. Both groups used the scythe also called a celt or sickle in battle

Sites of Celtic and Scythian Cultures - demonstrate close connection of Peoples that worked with each other in Cartels

Distinction Between Scythian and Celtic Cultures - geography supporting each Culture was generally different.

10 Tribes Of Judah Exiled - from the Middle East by Assyrian conquerers.

Each Tribe Had its Own Culture - within larger Culture of Israel's northern Kingdom. Each tribe was subdivided into clans.

Exiled Hebrew and Israelite Tribes - continue exhibiting Cultural differences in the Lands of exile the differences explain tribes clans and subclans existing among Scythians Celts and in many Germanic Tribes.

Hebrew Origins Of Earth Peoples - displaced Hebrew Judah and Israelites retained Tribe names during and after captivity. Tribe Names - a key to tracing the Hebrew wanderings.

Most Ancient Hebrew Tribes - assimilated into Tribes of Israel Judah and Foreign Cultures.

Hebrew Assyrian and Scythians Merged and Reached Europe - finding the way to Breton Isles as Battle Ax Culture and Celts from top of Breton Scythians tattooing merging with Picts called pixies for tattooed pictured bodies. Tartans worn by Assyrian and Scythian Royalty assimilated into Scottish clothings.

10th cent bc: Aramaic Alphabet Developed - adaptation of North Semitic alphabet to Aramaic language. Aramaic spoken in Kingdoms in northern Mesopotamia Syria Dammeshek Damascus.

10th cent bc: Rome - archaeological evidence of early Rome earliest settlement a Village of thatched huts on Palatine Hill one of 7 hills eventually occupied by City of Rome dates beginning of Village to 10th or 9th century bc then Esquiline Hill next inhabited.

9th cent bc: Assyrian - Ashurnasirpal II - came to power. Barbarously cruel conqueror who pushed conquests north to Urartu and west to Lebanon and Mediterranean also a shrewd administrator making conquered Kings pay tribute installed Assyrian governors so he could have more control over the Empire.

Shalmaneser III - continued this policy exacted heavy tribute from Jehu of Israel claimed many victories he failed to establish hegemony over Hebrews and Aramaic speaking allies. A basalt obelisk called Black Obelisk describes expeditions and conquests of Shalmaneser III. Raids from Urartu were resumed and grew more destructive after death of Shalmaneser. Calah capital of Assyria during reigns of Ashurnasirpal II and Shalmaneser III

9th cent bc: Groups of Nomadic Scythian - warriors enter western Iran from across Caucasus.

9th cent bc: Elijah - a prophet father or prophet master and prophet priest. Much of his prophetic career directed against Tyrian Baal cult that became popular in Northern Kingdom of Israel during reign mid 9th century bc of King Ahab and his Tyrian Queen Jezebel. Elijah's struggle against this cult indicated political awareness on his part of danger of God worship in Israel namely that Baal of Tyre might replace God as the main God of Hebrews.

9th century bc: The Moabite Stone - Dibon discovery in 1868 of The Moabite Stone

Bearing inscription of Mesha King of Moab 9th century bc - 34 line inscription.

Commemorates a Victory Over The Hebrews - that reestablished the independence of Moab.

Chermosh - Ancient West Semitic deity - revered by the Moabites as their Supreme God.

9th cent bc: God Protector of their Nation was Chemosh Goddess Astarte cult partner of Chemosh.

A Stela - Moabite King Mesha erected 40 years later in City of Dibon modern Dhiban Jordan.

Moabite Stone - written by Mesha' a 9th century bc King of Moab.

Early Semitic Alphabets - Moabite Alphabet Closely related to early Hebrew alphabets.

Eastern Subdivision of Canaanite Branch - of early Semitic alphabets.

Moabite Alphabet - from Mesha' or Moabite Stone in Louvre Paris discovered 1868 at Dibon east of Dead Sea. Stone has 34 line text of Mesha King of Moab dating middle 9th century bc.

9th cent bc: Moabite - member of a West Semitic Peoples who migrated from The Land with Joshua lived in highlands east of Dead Sea in west central Jordan flourished 9th century bc.

The Mesha' Stone - considered the earliest extant Alphabetic inscription until

Discovery of Ahiram Inscription - 1923 at Byblos.

Chemosh - the deity who brought victory to Moabites in their battle against the Hebrews. From The Old Testament and inscriptions on The Moabite Stone.

Black Basalt Stone - 1.1 m 44 inches high discovered Dhiban 1868 Louvre Museum Paris.

The Stone's Text - of 34 lines written in a Canaanite Alphabet similar to Hebrew.

Only Written Document - of any length that survives from Moab besides The Old Testament.

The Only Royal Stela Known - from Hebrew neighbours.

990 bc: Hebrew Kingship Of David - crushed Philistines 990 bc conquered 3 Hebrew States east of Jordan River. Intervention of Aramaeans from Syria forced him to defeat and annex States of Aram as far north as borders of Hamath on Orontes. Further east established some control over nomadic tribes of Syrian Desert as far as Euphrates. Hebrew domination was effective. At home David organized a stable administration based on Hebrew Tradition had a census of Populations. He died before he could complete his plans to be put into effect by his successor Solomon.

Site of Tall al Khalifah - may have been Biblical Ezion Geber. Most of the Kingdom's wealth was spent in elaborate building operations that included the Temple and Royal Palace in Jerusalem as well as numerous fortified towns. Best known of these are Megiddo Hazor and Gezer.

Royal Activities - on a vast scale cost more than produced by foreign trade and tribute of States.

Jebusite Stronghold Called Jerusalem - turned into First City Of Jerusalem in David's time.

990 bc: King David reign ends - born - 1060 bc - died - 990 bc - age: 70 yrs

989 bc: King David - Phoenician King Hiram of Tyre - 989-936 bc built a Palace for David

Hebrew Kings Heave Offering - at time of David and Solomon a gathering of Hebrew Kings called The Congregation and The Songregation in The Service of The Song. ie: Precession of the Eqinox.

King David’s Death - After King David's Death two of his sons Solomon and Adonijah vied with each other to succeed. Solomon as victor Adonijah executed who demanded a Wife from David's harem. Like David Solomon benefited from an era of peace and prosperity.

Solomon’s Temple - Hiram maintained friendly relations with King Solomon son of David in a letter to Hiram because of constant wars David fought against the enemy of God and Countries around him he could not build a Temple for worship of God until victory over all God's enemies. God has given me Peace on all my borders. I have no enemies and there is no danger of attack. God promised my father David Your son whom I will make King after you who will build a Temple for Me I have decided to build that Temple for worship of God.

989 bc: King Solomon - Phoenician King Hiram of Tyre - 989-936 bc built 2 Palaces and 2 Temples Solomon was successful in organizing economic life of the Country. Solomon Requested The Services Of Hiram of Tyre - who was leading the Phoenicians toward trade with Mediterranean traders. Expeditions to Ophir a region in either East Africa or India brought rich items such as gold peacocks and sandalwood to Palestine. The Hebrew King entered into trade relations with Arab Countries as far south as Sheba Yemen. Development of new principles in shipbuilding domestication of Arabian camel use in caravans. Among the King's other undertakings was construction of a fortress and storehouse at a site near head of Gulf of Aqaba.

Hiram Maintained Friendly Relations With Hebrews - supplying David and Solomon with Men and materials for construction of The Temple co operating in Mediterranean and Red Sea trading voyages. David and Solomon gave him The Work and Galilean territories in return.

Hebrews Submitted To Labor Conscription - in Royal Labour Gangs as well as levies of various kinds.

969-936 bc: Hiram also called Huram or Ahiram - Phoenician King of Tyre reigned 969–936 bc appears in Bible ally of Hebrew Kings David and Solomon. Solomon enjoyed alliances with Egyptian and Phoenician neighbors encouraged trade built a merchant fleet harbored at Gulf of Aqaba northeast end of Red Sea acquired copper mines built refineries for smelting metals ships brought goods from afar commerce passed through the Hebrew Kingdoms from south north east and west.

1st Temple - Solomon built many luxurious palaces imported skilled craftsmen.

Wives - Solomon like his father had many wives as many as 700 wives including Princesses from other Kingdoms given to Solomon as gifts to promote good relations he also had 400 horses.

A Priest King - like his father Solomon led sacrifices to God. Solomon had temples built for his wives who worshiped other gods. As for God to give him a home and put God worship under his domination Solomon had The Temple constructed that his father intended to build a Temple described as The House of God. The Temple was built on property on a hill north of Jerusalem David purchased the property Amorites had used as a huge Threshing Floor.

The Temple's Design - resembled Temples of other religions decorated with sculptures and other works of art in inner sanctum of The Temple was The Ark of The Covenant to run The Temple.

Solomon appointed a High Court Priest - who performed religious duties for David a priest named Zadok who was 1st of a hereditary priesthood that would last for centuries.

An Age That Kings Acted As Judge - for the community describes Solomon as a Judge who was wise. God gave Solomon wisdom very great discernment and breadth of mind like the sand that is on the seashore. Old Testament finds fault with Solomon with his love of luxury marrying pagans turning to idolatry.

Solomon Described As Having Enslaved His Subjects - recorded is requiring subjects to work four months of every year on projects with all workers paid 3 Shekels a day according to The Shekel of The Sanctuary is recorded

Late in his reign dissidents working for alien flight gods - influenced many subjects that became displeased rebelling against Solomon as had the aliens and Peoples of Hebrews against David.

Like David Solomon crushed uprisings - two of Solomon's vassal Nations an Aramaean Kingdom around Damascus and Edom or Petra took advantage of the uprisings and broke from Solomon's rule and from The Works.

Solomon Gradually Lost Control - over outlying territories conquered by his Father David.

960 bc: Solomon’s Temple - built by Phoenician Master crafts Men with Hebrew crafts Men and 30,000 unskilled and skilled natives required to labor by Solomon worked for a month on and two months off in shifts of 10,000 at a time wood stone metal from Lebanon worked by Phoenician craftsmen Temple finished 960 bc taking 7 years to build.

Solomon's Palaces - a Palace called Forest of Lebanon built Egyptian Wife another Palace the same hiring Phoenician craftsmen materials from Lebanon. Solomon built a Palace for himself taking 13 years. Hall of Forest of Lebanon 44 meters long 22 meters wide 13.5 meters high 3 rows of cedar pillars 15 pillars in each row with cedar beams resting on pillars ceiling of cedar extending over store rooms supported by pillars. In each of two side walls there were 3 rows of windows doorways and windows had rectangular frames with 3 rows of windows each wall faced the opposite rows. Hall of Columns 22 meters long 13.5 meters wide had a covered porch supported by columns. Throne Room also called Hall of Judgment had cedar panels from floor to rafters. Solomon’s quarters in another court behind Hall of Judgment made like other buildings also built same kind of house for Wife daughter of Pharoah of Egypt.

960 bc: Solomon Began Building The Temple - in fourth year of Solomon's reign 480 years after Exodus. Solomon's rule believed begun near middle of tenth century about 960 bc.

King Solomon of Hebrews - built a Sanctuary East of Jerusalem.

960 bc: King Solomon Died - born 1020 bc - died 960 bc - died of old age - 60 yrs.

922 bc: After Solomon Died Many Tribes Of Hebrews Return - to their Homelands leaving the remaining 12 Tribes of mainly Semetic speaking Peoples.

Split Of The Hebrew Nations and Tribes - after death of King Solomon Twelve remaining Tribes of Hebrews dispute differences of beliefs.

Culmination Of Hebrews Political History - Hebrews Revolted After Solomon Died - Peoples of northern Hebrews revolted after the great King's death disrupting United Monarchy.

The Word Hebrew Fades From Biblical Narratives - usually only to be incorrectly referred to and mis translated as being Israelites for some reason instead of a correct translation and assigning of narratives and groups called Hebrews that were basically from Jacob to Solomon.

Everyone Used or Borrowed Ancient Hebrew Scripts and Laws - forgetting the origin as really being Hebrew.

Go to > After Solomon - Chronology - continued - Part 2